Ephyra - Ephyra (English spelling)

Japanese: エフィラ - えふぃら(英語表記)ephyra
Ephyra - Ephyra (English spelling)

The name of the larvae found in the life cycle of the ephyrae of the class Scyphomedusa of the phylum Coelenterata, i.e. the orders Crown Jellies, Bannerstomedusa, and Rhizostomedusa. The eggs that develop in the female gonads of these jellyfish are fertilized and released to become ciliated planulae, which attach to form polyps. These are called bee polyps or scyphla larvae, and a horizontal constriction appears below the row of tentacles, eventually becoming a flat, disk-like object that separates from the bee polyp and swims away; this is the ephyra larvae. Generally, ephyras have a mouth in the center and eight marginal flap members around it. The ephyra actively move these marginal flap members as they swim, during which time the stomach cavity system and tentacles gradually develop and become adults (jellyfish).

[Mayumi Yamada]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

腔腸(こうちょう)動物門ハチクラゲ綱のエフィラ類、すなわち冠クラゲ目、旗口(はたくち)クラゲ目、根口(ねくち)クラゲ目の生活環にみられる幼生名。これらのクラゲの雌の生殖腺(せん)に発達した卵は、受精して遊離し、繊毛をもったプラヌラ幼生となり、これが付着してポリプとなる。これはハチポリプ(鉢ポリプ)またはスキフラ幼生とよばれるが、この触手列の下方に横のくびれが生じ、やがて扁平(へんぺい)な盤状のものとなって、そのハチポリプから離れて泳ぎ出すが、これがエフィラ幼生である。一般にエフィラにはその中央に口、周辺には8個の縁弁がみられる。エフィラはこの縁弁を活発に動かして遊泳するが、その間にしだいに胃腔系や触手などが発達して成体(クラゲ)となる。

[山田真弓]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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