...In the Italian peninsula, it was passed on to various peoples through the Etruscans and was used to write Latin, Oscan, Umbrian, Venetian, and other languages, but these Italian languages disappeared along with the Etruscan language with the rise of Rome, and only Latin and its script survived. The oldest document of the Etruscan script is an ivory tablet from around 700 BCE, which contains 26 "proto-Etruscan" characters, consisting of the 22 letters of the early Greek alphabet and the supplementary letters Y, Φ, Χ, and Ψ, and the shapes of the characters are almost the same as those of the early Greek. This system of writing seems to have been adopted by the Romans before it was modified to suit the characteristics of the Etruscan language after the 4th century BCE. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Etruscan letters" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…イタリア半島では,エトルリア人を介して諸民族に伝えられ,ラテン,オスク,ウンブリア,ベネト等の諸語の表記に採用されたが,これらイタリア諸語はローマの興隆に伴いエトルリア語と共に姿を消し,ラテン語とその文字だけが生き残ることとなった。エトルリア文字の最古の資料は前700年ころの象牙板文字表であるが,これには22文字から成る初期ギリシア・アルファベットに補足文字Y,Φ,Χ,Ψを加えた26個の〈原エトルリア文字〉が書かれており,その字形も初期ギリシアのものとほとんど同じである。この文字体系は前4世紀以後エトルリア語の特徴に合わせて変えられる以前に,ローマ人に採用されたらしい。… ※「エトルリア文字」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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