Anti-base Struggle - Anti-base Struggle

Japanese: 基地反対闘争 - きちはんたいとうそう

...When J.F. Dulles became Secretary of State in 1953, he promoted a strategy of "massive retaliation," which resulted in the expansion and construction of bases in Japan, including a major expansion of the Okinawa base based on the Price Recommendations, as well as the expansion of five airfields in Tachikawa (Sunagawa), Yokota, Komaki, Kisarazu, and Niigata.
[Anti-base struggle]
From the Korean War to the period of base expansion, the so-called base issue came to the fore in various fields. In many cases, bases were established and expanded by confiscating farmland, and their use was linked to the wars in Asia, so the anti-land confiscation movement and the anti-war and peace movement overlapped to give rise to anti-base struggles.

From [Citizen Movement]

...A movement that seeks to expand civil liberties and protect civil life by uniting in opposition to the various forces that impede a free and equal civil society and a peaceful and healthy civil life. Historically, the prototype of the classical civil movement can be found in the experiences of the civil revolutions in the 17th and 18th centuries in England, France, and the United States, in which the urban bourgeoisie rebelled against monarchy and colonial rule and gained civil liberties. Modern civil movements use the civil liberties they already possess as weapons to set a variety of goals for protecting civil liberties and social (survival) rights, such as opposition to nuclear weapons, the elimination of racial and gender discrimination, the protection of human rights, the removal of military bases, the prevention of public development projects, opposition to pollution, the protection of nature, the demand for freedom of information laws, the expansion of public elections, and the demand for the right to be free from smoking. They are developing voluntary movements internationally, domestically, and in local communities. ...

*Some of the terms used in relation to the "anti-base struggle" are explained below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…53年J.F.ダレスが米国務長官になると〈大量報復〉戦略が推進され，その結果日本の基地の拡張･増設がはかられ，プライス勧告による沖縄基地の大拡張をはじめ，立川(砂川)，横田，小牧，木更津，新潟の5飛行場の拡張などが図られた。
［基地反対闘争］
　朝鮮戦争期からこの基地拡張期にかけて，いわゆる基地問題が各分野にわたって表面化した。多くの場合，基地が耕地の接収により設置･拡張され，かつアジアでの戦争と結びついて利用されたため，土地取上げ反対運動と反戦･平和運動とが重なって基地反対闘争がおこった。…

【市民運動】より

…自由で平等な市民社会と平和で健康な市民生活を実現するため，それを妨げるさまざまな力に対して，連帯して抵抗し，市民的自由の拡大と市民生活の擁護を図ろうとする運動。歴史的には，17,18世紀，イギリス，フランス，アメリカで都市ブルジョアジーが王政や植民地支配に反抗し，市民的自由を獲得していった市民革命の経験に，古典的な市民運動の原型が求められる。　現代の市民運動は，すでに手にした市民的自由を武器に，核兵器反対，人種･性別など差別の撤廃，人権擁護，軍事基地撤去，公共開発事業の阻止，公害反対，自然保護，情報公開法の要求，公選制の拡大，嫌煙権の要求など，市民の自由権と社会(生存)権を守る多様な目標を掲げ，国際，国内，地域社会で自発的な運動を展開している。…

※「基地反対闘争」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

<<: "Kichibu Hikunsho" - Kichibu Hikunsho

>>: Chitinase