Ezo Sankanji Temple

Japanese: 蝦夷三官寺 - えぞさんかんじ

...The mountain name is Keiunzan. In 1804 (Bunka 1), the Edo Shogunate designated it as one of the three official temples of Ezo, along with Zenkoji Temple in Usu and Tojuin Temple in Samani, for the purpose of settling officials and fishermen in eastern Ezo and stabilizing the minds of the Ainu people. The chief priest is chosen in rotation from the five Kamakura temples, and his term of office is 7 to 10 years.

From [Toshuin]

...It is called Kikyozan. It was founded in 1804 (Bunka 1) by the Edo Shogunate as one of the three official temples in Ezo, with the aim of stabilizing the public's mind and educating the Ainu people. As it was a temple without a parishioner, the Shogunate provided it with 100 bales of rice per year, as well as rice allowances and allowances.

From the Hakodate Magistrate

...The first magistrates were Togawa Yasunobu and Habuto Masayasu. The Shogunate aimed to appease and educate the Ainu in governing Ezo, and implemented policies such as rectifying Ainu trade, assimilating their customs, and building the three official temples in Ezo (Kokutai-ji, Toshu-in, and Zenko-ji) for the purpose of educating them. However, the original purpose of governing Ezo was to respond to Russia's southward expansion and to earn revenue from Ezo, and the policy toward the Ainu was also based on the idea of preventing them from becoming pro-Russian. In addition, the Shogunate ordered the two domains of Hirosaki and Morioka to guard Ezo, and in times of emergency, the Shogunate ordered the domains of Akita, Shonai, Sendai, and Aizu to send troops.

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "Ezo Sankanji Temples" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…山号は景雲山。1804年(文化1)江戸幕府により，東蝦夷地の役人や漁民の定着，アイヌの人心を安定させる目的で，有珠の善光寺，様似の等澍（とうじゆ）院とともに蝦夷三官寺に指定された。住職は鎌倉五山から交代で選ばれ，その在任期間は7～10年。…

【等澍院】より

…帰嚮山と号す。1804年(文化1)，江戸幕府により蝦夷三官寺の一つとして，民心の安定，アイヌの教化を目的に創建された。檀家のない寺院なので，幕府から年間米100俵のほか扶持米，手当金が支給された。…

【箱館奉行】より

…最初の奉行は戸川安諭（やすのぶ），羽太正養（はぶとまさやす）。　幕府は，蝦夷地支配の眼目をアイヌの〈懐柔･撫育〉にありとして，アイヌ交易の是正，風俗の同化，さらには教化を目的とした蝦夷三官寺(国泰寺，等澍院，善光寺)の建立などの政策を断行したが，蝦夷地支配の本来的な目的は，ロシアの南下に対する対応と蝦夷地収益の2点にあり，アイヌに対する政策も親露化の防止という観念から行われたものであった。また，蝦夷地の警備は弘前，盛岡2藩に命じ，非常時には秋田，庄内，仙台，会津諸藩にも出兵を命じた。…

※「蝦夷三官寺」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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