A stable landmass distributed in the area centered on Hudson Bay in Canada. It is made up of Archean to Proterozoic rocks from the Precambrian era, and together with Greenland, it forms part of the Laurentian Plateau. Since the Precambrian bedrock rocks are exposed directly on the surface of the earth, it fits the definition of a shield, but topographically, unlike the gently convex topography of a lying down shield, its center is submerged in the sea. The Canadian Shield is divided into several geological provinces, each of which is an orogenic belt. The Archean Superior Province occupies the center. Greenstone belts, mainly made of basaltic volcanic rocks, and high-grade metamorphic belts of sedimentary origin are exposed alternately and repeatedly with an east-west strike. In the Proterozoic Era, orogenic belts were formed on the outside of the central region, which is considered the basis of the continental growth theory. All of the Early Proterozoic geological provinces were formed by Archean metamorphic rocks and granite that were subjected to the Hudson orogeny about 1.6 billion years ago. The strata from this period contain large banded iron ore layers, which are used as good iron deposits. The Middle Proterozoic geological province is located southeast of the Superior Province, and most of the basement was re-deformed by the Grenville orogeny about 1 billion years ago, and there are huge anorthosite bodies. [Hiroshi Iwamatsu February 17, 2016] [Reference item] | |©Shogakukan "> Mountain belts of the world ©Shogakukan "> Canadian Shield (Times of Mountain Building and Geological Provinces) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
カナダのハドソン湾を中心とする地域に分布する安定陸塊。先カンブリア時代の始生代~原生代の岩石からなり、グリーンランドなどとともにローレンシア台地の一部をなす。先カンブリア時代の基盤岩類が直接地表に露出しているので、楯状地の定義に当てはまるが、地形的には、楯を伏せたような緩やかな凸状地形とは異なって、逆に中心部が海に没している。 カナダ楯状地は、それぞれ一つの造山帯からなるいくつかの地質区に分けられる。中心部を占めるのが始生代のスペリオル区である。主として玄武岩質火山岩からなるグリーンストーン帯と堆積(たいせき)岩起源の高度変成帯がほぼ東西走向で交互に繰り返し露出する。原生代に入ると、大局的にみれば中心部を取り巻くように、その外側に造山帯が形成されており、大陸成長説の根拠とされている。原生代前期の地質区は、いずれも始生代の変成岩や花崗(かこう)岩が約16億年前のハドソン造山運動を受けたものである。この時期の地層中には大規模な縞(しま)状鉄鉱層が存在しており、良好な鉄鉱床として稼行されている。原生代中期の地質区はスペリオル区の南東に位置し、基盤の大部分は約10億年前のグレンビル造山運動によって再変動を受けたもので、巨大なアノーソサイト岩体が存在する。 [岩松 暉 2016年2月17日] [参照項目] | |©Shogakukan"> 世界の造山帯 ©Shogakukan"> カナダ楯状地(造山運動の時代と地質区) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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