Kanagawa Treaty

Japanese: 神奈川条約 - かながわじょうやく

Also known as the Treaty of Peace and Amity between the United States and Japan. A 12-article treaty signed by the Edo Shogunate with Perry in 1854. It stipulated the eternal and everlasting peace and amity between the two countries, the opening of the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate, the rescue of shipwrecked crew members, the supply of fuel and food, the recognition of unilateral most-favored-nation treatment, and the permission of a consul in Shimoda. This treaty was the first step in opening up Japan to the world. The Kanagawa Treaty was signed under the threat of Perry's fleet to avoid armed conflict, and initially the Shogunate only made public the fact of the treaty's signing, and did not reveal the contents of the treaty to the Imperial Court or the feudal lords. Following this treaty, the Treaty of Peace and Amity between the United Kingdom and Japan was signed in October 1854, opening Nagasaki and Hakodate to the United Kingdom, and the Treaty of Peace and Amity between Japan and Russia was signed in February 1855, opening Shimoda, Hakodate, and Nagasaki to Russia. On January 30, 1856 (December 23, 2nd year of the Ansei era), a treaty of peace and amity was also signed with the Netherlands. → Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan → Related topics Abe Masahiro | Opening the country | Kanagawa [ward] | Emperor Komei | Incident outside the Sakurada Gate | Treaty of Shimoda | Magistrate of Shimoda | Issue of Imperial Charter of Treaty | Fillmore

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

日米和親条約とも。1854年江戸幕府がペリーとの間に調印した12ヵ条の条約。日米両国の永世不朽の和親，下田・函館の開港，難破船乗組員の救助，燃料・食量の供給，片務的最恵国待遇の承認，下田駐在領事の許可等を規定。日本の開国の第一歩となった条約。神奈川条約はペリー艦隊の威嚇下で，武力衝突を回避するために調印を余儀なくされたもので，当初幕府は条約調印の事実のみを公表し，条約書の内容を朝廷や大名に明かさなかった。本条約に続き1854年10月日英和親条約に調印，イギリスに長崎，箱館を開き，1855年２月には日露和親条約の調印を行い，ロシアに下田，箱館，長崎を開いた。1856年１月30日（安政２年12月23日）にはオランダとも和親条約を結んだ。→日米修好通商条約
→関連項目阿部正弘｜開国論｜神奈川［区］｜孝明天皇｜桜田門外の変｜下田条約｜下田奉行｜条約勅許問題｜フィルモア

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