…Later, in the Middle Ages, maritime law developed mainly in seaport cities along with the development of the shipping industry, and there are books that include customary law and case law of the time. The Rôles d'Oléron (11th-12th century), which is said to be a collection of decisions of the maritime court on the French island of Oleron, the Consolato del Mare (13th century), which is a compilation of customary law in the Mediterranean coastal region at the time and compiled precedents of the maritime court of Barcelona, and the Wisbysches Seerecht (15th century), which compiled maritime customary law of the Hanseatic League, are known as the three great maritime laws of the Middle Ages. Then, in the early modern period, when centralized states were established, each country compiled legal codes, and in 1681, the Maritime Edict of Louis XIV was established as the first unified and self-sufficient maritime code. … *Some of the terms mentioned in the "Wisby Sea Act" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…その後,中世になると海商法は,海運業の発達とともに,海港都市を中心として発展し,当時の慣習法や判例法を収録したものがみられる。フランスのオレロン島における海事裁判所の判決を集めたものとされるオレロン海法Rôles d’Oléron(11~12世紀ころ),また当時の地中海沿岸地方に行われていた慣習法の集成で,バルセロナの海事裁判所における判例を編纂したコンソラート・デル・マーレ(13世紀ころ),そして,ハンザ同盟の海事慣習法を編纂したウィスビー海法Wisbysches Seerecht(15世紀)は,中世の三大海法と称されている。ついで近世になり,中央集権的な国家が成立すると,各国は法典の編纂を行い,まず,1681年にはルイ14世の海事勅令が最初の統一的・自足的な海事法典として制定された。… ※「ウィスビー海法」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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