Witherspoon, J.

Japanese: ウィザスプーン,J. - うぃざすぷーん
Witherspoon, J.

…The term was first used by John Witherspoon in 1781 to mean "American English," and has retained that meaning to this day. In 1797, T. Jefferson used it to mean American patriotism, and this usage has become widespread. The Puritans who established colonies in the New World saw Europe as a place of corruption and America as a place that should be a world of true Christianity. …

From the Presbyterian Church

…A Protestant sect based on Calvinism that was born from the Reformation movement in the 16th century. It is also called the Presbyterian Church. The name comes from the fact that the church adopts the elder system in its organization. In other words, in addition to the pastor, each local church has a certain number of elders elected by the church members who participate in its management, and these churches organize elders' councils in each region, and several local elders' councils form conferences, and above them there is a national general assembly, creating a hierarchical church organization. …

*Some of the terminology references "Witherspoon, J." are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…1781年にジョン・ウィザスプーンが〈アメリカ英語〉の意味で用いたのがこの言葉の最初とされ,現在までその意味を保ってきているが,1797年,T.ジェファソンは合衆国の愛国主義の意味でこれを用い,世間的にはこの用法がひろまっている。 新世界に植民地を建設したピューリタンは,ヨーロッパを腐敗の地,アメリカを真のキリスト教の世界たるべき地と見なした。…

【長老派教会】より

…16世紀の宗教改革運動によって生まれた,カルビニズムに基づくプロテスタントの一派。〈プレスビテリアン・チャーチ〉ともいう。教会組織に長老制度を採用しているところから,この名称が生まれた。すなわち末端の各個教会においては牧師のほかに教会員から選出された一定数の長老presbyterが運営に参加し,それらの教会が地方ごとに長老会を組織し,さらに数地方の長老会をもって大会がつくられ,その上に全国総会がおかれるという,階層的な教会組織をつくっているのが特徴的である。…

※「ウィザスプーン,J.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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