ergative

Japanese: ergative
ergative

…It has 5 vowel phonemes and 28 consonant phonemes. There is a special case called the ergative, which is used as the subject of transitive verbs. Example: γmert‐ma kmna sopeli gümertma (God, ergative with -ma instrumental ending), kumna (made), sopeli (the world, -i nominative ending), 〈God made the world〉.

*Some terminology explanations that mention "ergative" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…5個の母音音素と28個の子音音素をもつ。能格ergativeという特殊な格があり,これは他動詞の主語に用いられる。例:γmert‐ma kmna sopeli グメルトマ(神が,‐ma造格語尾で能格),クムナ(作った),ソペリ(世界を,‐i主格語尾),〈神が世界を作った〉。…

※「ergative」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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