Uyghur Documents - Uyghur Monjo

Japanese: ウイグル文書 - ウイグルもんじょ

Generally speaking, it refers to various private documents, contracts, and official documents written in Uighur (neo-Sogdian) script. In a broader sense, it can also include Buddhist and other religious manuscripts, which date back to the end of the 17th century, but the vast majority were created in the 9th to 14th centuries when Uighurs migrated from the Mongolian Plateau to the Turfan Basin. They were brought back by expeditions from various countries in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and many are currently held in Germany, the former Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, France, Turkey, and China, as well as in the Otani Documents in Japan. Currently, they are being organized and studied in various countries in the fields of philology, linguistics, religious studies, and history. They vividly tell the story of the lives of the residents of the Turfan Basin, such as the image of the landlords, the slave trade, and the social status of monks, and some are also used to elucidate economic and political history.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

一般的にはウイグル文字 (新ソグド文字) のウイグル語で書かれた各種の私文書，契約書や公文書のたぐいをいう。広義には仏教その他の宗教写本を含む場合もあり，その場合の作成年代は 17世紀末まで下るが，ウイグル人がモンゴル高原からトゥルファン盆地周辺に移動して，その地で9～14世紀の間に作成されたものが圧倒的に多い。 19世紀末～20世紀初頭に各国探検隊が持帰り，現在多く所蔵しているのはドイツ，旧ソ連，イギリス，フランス，トルコ，中国のほか，日本の「大谷文書」にも含まれている。現在なお各国で整理，研究が文献学，言語学，宗教学，歴史学などの分野で進められている。トゥルファン盆地の地主像や奴隷売買の様子，僧侶の社会的地位など住民生活を如実に物語るほか，経済史や政治史の解明にも利用されるものがある。

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