The proper name of the alpha star in the constellation Carina. It is derived from the Latin name of Kanobos, who served as the chief pilot of the Greek fleet during the Trojan War. With an apparent magnitude of -0.73, it is the second brightest star in the sky after Sirius. Its position on the celestial sphere is 6:24 hours right ascension and -52 degrees 42 minutes declination at the 2000th equinox. It is 310 light years away. It is a supergiant star of spectral type F0, with a surface temperature of about 7300K, a radius about 50 times that of the Sun, and an estimated mass about 8 times that of the Sun. It is moving away from the solar system at a speed of 21 kilometers per second. The northernmost point where this star can be seen rising above the horizon is around 38 degrees north latitude, although this varies slightly depending on the altitude of the land. In Japan, it cannot be seen from Hokkaido and the northern part of the Tohoku region. Even in areas where it can be seen, the meridian altitude is low, so this star, which is originally white, appears red due to the absorption of blue light by the thick layer of the Earth's atmosphere toward the horizon. In China, since it could be seen low in the south from Luoyang and Chang'an, it was long known as the "Southern Pole Old Man," "Old Man Star," or "Longevity Star," and was revered as a lucky star. These Chinese names have been known in Japan for a long time, and it is said that during the Heian period, the Imperial Court held an annual "Old Man Star Festival." The "Longevity Star" of the Seven Lucky Gods is derived from the Southern Pole Old Man. [Akira Okazaki] [Reference] |A bright giant star in the constellation Carina. It appears low in the sky from mid-latitude regions of the Northern Hemisphere, such as Japan, and therefore appears reddish due to the effects of the atmosphere. The photo was taken from the International Space Station (ISS © NASA ) Alpha Carinae (Canopus) ©Akira Fujii "> Argo Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
りゅうこつ座のα(アルファ)星の固有名。トロイ戦争でギリシア艦隊の水先案内の長として活躍した人物「Kanobos」のラテン名に由来する。実視等級マイナス0.73等で、シリウスに次いで全天で2番目に明るい星である。天球上の位置は、2000年分点で赤経6時24分、赤緯マイナス52度42分。距離は310光年。スペクトル型F0の超巨星で、表面温度は約7300K、半径は太陽の約50倍、質量は太陽の8倍程度と推定されている。毎秒21キロメートルの速度で太陽系から遠ざかりつつある。この星が地平線から昇って見える場所の北限は、その土地の高度によって少し異なるが、北緯38度付近である。日本では、北海道と東北地方北部からは見ることができない。見ることができる地方でも南中高度が低いので、もともと白色のこの星は、地平線方向の厚い地球大気層による青色光の吸収のために赤色に見える。中国では、洛陽(らくよう)や長安から南の果てに低く見えていたので、古くから「南極老人」「老人星」「寿星」などとよんで、めでたい星として敬っていた。これらの漢名は日本にも古くから伝わり、平安時代には朝廷で毎年「老人星祭」を行っていたという。七福神の「寿老人」は南極老人に由来している。 [岡崎 彰] [参照項目] |りゅうこつ座にある明るい巨星。日本など北半球の中緯度地域からは空の低い位置に見えるため、大気の影響で赤みがかって見える。写真は国際宇宙ステーション(ISS)から撮影されたもの©NASA"> りゅうこつ座α星(カノープス) ©藤井 旭"> アルゴ座 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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