Special seal - Gokuin

A general term for seals that were stamped on various items in the Edo period to guarantee quality or to show that they were officially approved. (1) Gold and silver coins were stamped with a mark by the Kinza and Ginza, respectively, and money changers also stamped a mark as a mark. (2) The seal of the Shuzui family or Jin family stamped on a balance scale. The 33 eastern provinces were under the jurisdiction of the Shuzui family of the Edo balance scale, and the 35 western provinces were under the jurisdiction of the Jin family of the Kyoto balance scale. (3) The seal of the Goto Shirobei family of the fundoza, stamped on a fundo (weight). (4) A seal stamped by the Kawabune Magistrate on river boats in the Kanto region as part of the shogunate's river boat control measures. This resulted in the collection of ship taxes and silver taxes. (5) A seal stamped on ships transporting goods by sea. (6) A seal placed on timber cut by the shogunate or feudal domains.

[Yasuko Taki]

"Yuzuki Manabu, Research on the History of Shipping in the Early Modern Period (1979, Hosei University Press)" ▽ "Tokoro Mitsuo, Research on the History of Forestry in the Early Modern Period (1980, Yoshikawa Kobunkan)" ▽ "Koizumi Kesakatsu, Scales (1982, Hosei University Press)" ▽ "Kawana Noboru, Research on the History of Water Transportation in Early Modern Japan (1984, Yuzankaku Publishing)" ▽ "Mitsui Takayoshi, editor, New Draft of the Currency Exchange Chronicle Seki Key 2, Evidence Research Volume (1995, Iwanami Shoten)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸時代、品質保証または公許であることを表すためにさまざまな物に押された印の総称。(1)金貨、銀貨には、それぞれ金座、銀座が極印を押したほか、両替屋が目印として極印を打った。(2)桿秤(さおばかり)に押された守随(しゅずい)家または神(じん)家の印。桿秤は、東33か国は江戸秤座の守随家、西35か国は京都秤座の神家の管轄下にあった。(3)分銅(ふんどう)に押された分銅座の後藤四郎兵衛(しろべえ)家の印。(4)幕府の川船統制策により関東の川船に川船奉行が打つ印。これにより船年貢、役銀が徴収された。(5)商品を海上輸送する船に打たれた印。海難事故を防ぐために船足(ふなあし)（吃水線(きっすいせん)）を定めたものだが、航行許可証になった。(6)幕府、諸藩が伐り出した材木に押された印。

［滝　泰子］

『柚木学著『近世海運史の研究』（1979・法政大学出版局）』▽『所三男著『近世林業史の研究』（1980・吉川弘文館）』▽『小泉袈裟勝著『秤』（1982・法政大学出版局）』▽『川名登著『近世日本水運史の研究』（1984・雄山閣出版）』▽『三井高維編著『新稿　両替年代記関鍵2　考証篇』（1995・岩波書店）』

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