A description of the state of a language at a certain time. Grammar usually includes not only grammar in the narrow sense but also phonology, and is usually used in conjunction with descriptive linguistics as opposed to historical linguistics. However, while descriptive linguistics refers to a general academic field and method, grammar tends to refer to specific descriptions of a specific language or grammars that have been described in this way. Ideally, grammar here refers to the language itself that can be said to exist in the mind of a speaker of the language, and to a description of it as it is, without adding arbitrary values. In this respect, it is in opposition to normative grammar, which determines "right and wrong" for practical purposes. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
一言語のある一時期における状態を記述するもの。文法といっても,狭義の文法論のみならず,音韻論も含めたものであるのが通例で,史的言語学に対する記述言語学と同意に使われるのが普通。ただし,記述言語学が一般的な学問分野・方法をさすのに対し,特定言語の具体的記述ないしそのように記述された文典をさす傾向がある。ここでいう文法とは,理念的には,当該言語の話し手の頭のなかにあるといいうる言語そのもの,およびそれを恣意的な価値観を加えずにありのままに引出して記述したものをいう。この点において,実用的目的から「正・不正」を決める規範文法と対立する。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
<<: Technological civilization
>>: Technology omnipotence - gijutsuban noushugi
A metal surface treatment method in which small p...
Academically, it refers to all words used by wome...
…In today's Japan, hunting laws restrict the ...
In modern times, it is a general term for the Kyo...
…In 1919, after the First World War, he was asked...
… In addition to the tilt of the land mass, lava ...
…The national government is usually the payer for...
...3063m above sea level. Known as Mount Ontake o...
The oldest surviving manuscript of a sutra in Kore...
A renga master in the mid-Muromachi period. He wa...
…Originally, it was a general term for crustacean...
…Landslides occur frequently in neo-orogenic belt...
...The climate was generally warm, with the Angar...
...It is distributed from Japan to the Himalayas,...
A samurai of the Choshu Domain. The third son of ...