Rhodiola rosea - Iwabenkei

Japanese: イワベンケイ - いわべんけい
Rhodiola rosea - Iwabenkei

A perennial plant of the Crassulaceae family (APG classification: Crassulaceae). It has a burdock-like rhizome 1-2 cm in diameter underground, and only the tip covered with scale leaves is above ground. Every year, a flower stalk 10-30 cm tall emerges from the tip of the rhizome. The above-ground part is powdery white. The leaves are alternate, slightly fleshy, 1-4 cm long, mostly obovate or elliptical, with several irregular low serrations on the edges. The flowers are tetrameric and grow in a dense cyme at the apex of the stem, and bloom in July and August. Dioecious. The male flowers have linear yellow-green petals about 3 mm long, eight stamens, and a degenerate ovary. The petals of the female flowers are shorter than the calyx lobes. The lower half of the ovary is fused to the calyx tube. The seeds are about 1.3 mm long and grow in large numbers in carpels that are 6 to 9 mm long. They are found scattered on rocky ground in high mountains in Hokkaido and the Chubu region of Honshu northward, and are distributed in the temperate to subarctic and alpine zones of the Northern Hemisphere. There are about 50 species in the Rhodiola genus, including this species, and with the exception of a few species, they are distributed in the highlands of Central Asia, from the Himalayas to southwestern China.

[Hideaki Ooba March 18, 2020]

Rhodiola rosea
The leaves are slightly fleshy and have irregular low sawtooth edges. In July and August, they produce dense cymes at the top of the stem. They are dioecious, and the photo shows a male plant. ©Shogakukan Photo by Fujio Aoyama ">

Rhodiola rosea


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ベンケイソウ科(APG分類:ベンケイソウ科)の多年草。地中に径1~2センチメートルのゴボウ状の根茎があり、鱗片葉(りんぺんよう)に覆われた先端だけが地表に現れている。毎年根茎の先端から、高さ10~30センチメートルになる花茎を出す。地上部は全体に粉白を帯びる。葉は互生し、やや肉質で、長さ1~4センチメートル、多くは倒卵形あるいは楕円(だえん)形で、縁(へり)には不規則な低い鋸歯(きょし)が数個ある。花は4数性で茎頂に密集した集散花序につき、7~8月に開く。雌雄異株。雄花には線形で長さ約3ミリメートルの黄緑色の花弁と、8本の雄しべと退化した子房がある。雌花の花弁は萼(がく)裂片よりも短い。子房は下半分が萼筒と合着する。種子は長さ約1.3ミリメートルで、長さ6~9ミリメートルになる心皮中に多数できる。北海道、本州中部地方以北の高山の岩礫地(がんれきち)に点在し、北半球の温帯から亜寒帯および高山帯に分布する。本種を含むイワベンケイ属は約50種あり、数種を除き、ヒマラヤから中国西南部を中心とする中央アジアの高地に分布する。

[大場秀章 2020年3月18日]

イワベンケイ
葉はやや肉質で、縁には不規則な低い鋸歯がある。7~8月、茎頂に密集した集散花序をなす。雌雄異株で、写真は雄株©Shogakukan 撮影/青山富士夫">

イワベンケイ


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