A regular army organized for the American War of Independence. When the American colonies entered into armed conflict with the British Army near Boston in April 1775, they only had militias as military organizations. In order to counter the powerful British regular army in a long-term and wide-ranging war, the Continental Congress decided in June of that year to organize the Continental Army as a wartime regular army that would transcend the boundaries of the individual colonies, and appointed G. Washington as its commander-in-chief. The Continental Army was first formed by reorganizing the militia near Boston, but recruits were also made from each colony, and by September 1776 it had expanded to 88 battalions with 60,000 men, and by December of the same year it had expanded to 110 battalions with 75,000 men. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
アメリカ独立戦争に際し組織された正規軍。1775年4月ボストン近郊でイギリス本国軍と武力衝突に入ったアメリカ各植民地は,軍事組織としては民兵しかもたなかった。長期かつ広範囲の戦争で,強大な本国正規軍に対抗するために,同年6月大陸会議は,各植民地の枠をこえた戦時中の正規軍として大陸軍を組織することになり,G.ワシントンをその総司令官に任命した。まずボストン近くの民兵を再編制することで大陸軍は発足したが,各植民地からも募集され,76年9月には88大隊6万人,同12月には110大隊7万5000人の組織に拡大されることになった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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