Asmara (English spelling)

Japanese: アスマラ(英語表記)Asmara
Asmara (English spelling)
The capital of Eritrea. Alternative spelling Asmera. It is located at the northern end of the Ethiopian Plateau, at an altitude of 2,325 m, about 65 km southwest of the port city of Massawa on the Red Sea. It was just a village inhabited by the Tigrayan people, but in 1900 it became the capital of Italian Eritrea, and in 1935 it became the base for the Italian invasion of Ethiopia (→Ethiopian War). It was recaptured by the Allied forces in 1941, and was under British control until the independence of the Ethiopian-Eritrean Federation in 1952. The US military's Kanyu communications base was also located there from 1942 to 1977. It became the capital of Eritrea after the country's independence from Ethiopia in 1993. It is a city that produces textiles, footwear, and soft drinks. Planned and developed under Italian rule, the European-style town boasts a number of modernist buildings, including the Catholic Cathedral (1922), the Great Mosque (1937), a Coptic church, as well as a cinema and a gas station from that time. In 2017, it was registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. There is an international airport nearby, and it is connected to Massawa by the Eritrean Railway and a main road. Population: 775,000 (2014 estimate).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
エリトリアの首都。別綴 Asmera。エチオピア高原の北端,標高 2325mの地点にあり,紅海に面する港湾都市マッサワの南西約 65kmに位置する。ティグレ族の居住する村落にすぎなかったが,1900年にイタリア領エリトリアの首都となり,1935年にはイタリアのエチオピア侵攻(→エチオピア戦争)の拠点となった。1941年連合国軍が奪還し,1952年のエチオピア・エリトリア連邦独立までイギリスの支配下にあった。また 1942~77年にはアメリカ軍のカニュー通信基地が置かれた。1993年エチオピアからの分離独立に伴いエリトリアの首都となった。織物,はきもの,清涼飲料の製造などが行なわれる。イタリア支配のもとで計画,整備されたヨーロッパ風の町で,カトリック大聖堂(1922)や大モスク(1937),コプト教会の聖堂のほか,当時の映画館やガソリンスタンドなど数々のモダニズム建築が残され,2017年国際連合教育科学文化機関 UNESCOの世界遺産の文化遺産に登録された。近郊に国際空港があり,エリトリア鉄道と幹線道路によってマッサワと結ばれている。人口 77万5000(2014推計)。

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