Curzon Line

Japanese: カーゾン線 - かーぞんせん(英語表記)Curzon Line
Curzon Line

After World War I, the Special Committee on the Polish Question at the Paris Peace Conference set this line as the eastern border of independent Poland, and it was approved by the Supreme Soviet of the Allied Powers in December 1919. It was drawn along the eastern edge of the area where the majority of Polish residents lived, but Poland was unhappy about the loss of Wilno, the key capital of the former kingdom. In the Soviet-Polish War that began in 1920, British Foreign Secretary Curzon proposed on July 12 that the Red Army should stop at this line and call a ceasefire, so it is known by this name. However, in the Riga Peace Treaty of 1921, the Polish border was set at the armistice line far east of the Curzon Line, which meant that many Belarusians and Ukrainians were included in Polish territory, leaving problems. During World War II, the Soviet Union recovered the lost territory, and at the Tehran Conference, it was unofficially recognized that the Curzon Line was Poland's eastern border, and after the war, the border was set roughly along this line.

[Mayako Ishii]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

第一次世界大戦後、パリ講和会議ポーランド問題特別委員会が独立ポーランドの東部国境とし、1919年12月の連合国最高会議によって認められた線。それはポーランド人居住者が多数を占める地域の東端に沿って引かれたものであったが、ポーランドは、旧王国の要都ビルノを失うので不服であった。20年に開始されたソビエト・ポーランド戦争で、赤軍の攻勢に直面してイギリス外相カーゾンが、7月12日、この線で赤軍が停止して休戦すべきだと提案したため、この名称で知られる。しかし21年のリガ講和条約では、ポーランド国境はカーゾン線よりはるか東の休戦ラインに画定されたため、ポーランド領内に多くの白ロシア(ベラルーシ)人やウクライナ人を含むこととなり、問題を残した。第二次大戦中、ソ連はその失地回復を行い、テヘラン会談ではカーゾン線をポーランド東部国境とすることが非公式に認められ、戦後、ほぼこの線に沿って国境が定められた。

[石井摩耶子]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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