Transplanter

Japanese: 移植機 - いしょくき
Transplanter

A machine used to transfer and plant seedlings in the main field. There are machines for field crops that transplant beets, tobacco, cabbage, onions, etc., and rice transplanters used for transplanting paddy rice. Usually, when referring to transplanters, we are referring to field seedling planters. Most of the machines currently in use are semi-automatic, and young seedlings raised in a seedbed are manually fed into the transplanter, which then sends out the seedlings one by one, places them in the furrows cut for planting, and even performs the process of hilling up the soil. There are two types of seedling planting mechanisms: a holder type that clamps the seedlings and places them in the furrows, and a disk type that clamps the seedlings between two elastic rotating disks and plants them. In both cases, the machine is towed by a tractor and a number of workers, depending on the number of rows to be planted, sit on it to supply the seedlings. In addition, a machine dedicated to field seedling planting that uses paper pots for raising seedlings and aims to reduce labor, and has been used since the 1990s.

[Fukuji Miyazawa]

[Reference item] | Seedling raising | Rice transplanter

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

苗を本圃(ほんぽ)に移し植えるのに使用する機械。ビート、タバコ、キャベツ、タマネギなどを移植する畑作用の機械と、水稲の移植に用いる田植機がある。通常、移植機という場合は畑苗定植機をさす。現在使用されているものはほとんどが半自動式の機械で、苗床で育苗した幼苗を移植機に人手で供給すると、1株ずつ機械が苗を送り出し、植え付け用の溝切りした位置に苗を置き、土寄せの作業工程まで行う。この苗植え機構には、苗を挟んで作溝の中に置いていくホルダー型と、弾力性のある2枚の回転円板で挟んで植え付けていく円板型がある。いずれもトラクターに牽引(けんいん)されながら定植条数に応じた人数の作業者が座乗し、苗を供給する方式である。ほかに育苗用のペーパーポットを使用し省力化を図る畑苗定植専用機が日本で開発され、1990年代から利用され始めた。

[宮澤福治]

[参照項目] | 育苗 | 田植機

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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