A device that measures the concentration of gas in a sample. In coal mines, methane gas is generated and flows, so to prevent explosions, its concentration is always measured with a methane gas meter to ensure safety. Classified by the principle of operation, (1) methane combustion devices include (a) those that observe the change in flame length, (b) those that use the pressure drop caused by the condensation of water during combustion, (c) those that contact methane with a hot wire and read the change in resistance of the hot wire, and (d) those that contact the methane with a hot wire and read the change in brightness of the hot wire, and (2) those that use the difference in the physical properties of gases include (a) those that use the difference in the refractive index of light, (b) those that use the difference in thermal conductivity, (c) those that use the difference in diffusion rate (osmotic pressure), and (d) those that use the difference in infrared absorption rate. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
サンプル中に含まれるガス濃度を測定する機器。炭鉱においては,メタンガスが発生し流動するので,爆発防止のためつねにその濃度をメタンガス測定器によって測定し,安全を期している。作動原理から分類すると,(1)メタンを燃焼させるものとして,(a)灯炎長の変化を見るもの,(b)燃焼の際に生ずる水分の凝縮による圧力低下を利用するもの,(c)熱線にメタンを接触させて熱線の抵抗変化を読むもの,(d)熱線にメタンを接触燃焼させて熱線の輝度の変化を読むものなど,(2)気体の物理的性質の差を利用したものとして,(a)光の屈折率の差を利用したもの,(b)熱伝導率の差を利用したもの,(c)拡散速度(浸透圧)の差を利用したもの,(d)赤外線吸収率の差を利用したものなどがある。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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