Antimonide of silver (Ag). Allargentum (chemical formula Ag 0.84 Sb 0.16 ) - belongs to the allarginite group. All of these have almost the same structure as native hexagonal silver, with the silver atoms in native silver forming a cubic close-packed structure, while in hexagonal native silver they form a hexagonal close-packed structure. Since the components of this group, especially allargentum, have the same structure as native hexagonal silver, some consider them alloy minerals and include them in the metallic element minerals. Allarginite itself is equivalent to Ag 0.75 Sb 0.25 , but since there is a discontinuity between it and allargentum in the orthorhombic (rectangular) crystal system, it is not treated as an elemental mineral. Its euhedral shape is a low hexagonal truncated pyramid. It can also be hexagonal prism or hexagonal plate. It occurs in deep to epithermal gold and silver veins. In Japan, microscopically fine pieces have been found at the Kobetsuzawa Mine (closed) and Toyoha Mine (closed) in Sapporo, Hokkaido. Coexisting minerals include native silver, goethite, argyrite, galena, calcite, quartz, and barite. It is identified by its silvery-white appearance and streaks of almost the same color as native silver when fresh. It has a very high specific gravity. It is cuttable, but cannot be turned into powder. Like native silver, it rusts and changes from lead gray to yellowish dark gray and then to dark gray, but it is not brittle like native silver. Its English name comes from the Greek word meaning "indestructible," and its Japanese name comes from its chemical composition. [Akira Kato December 14, 2015] [Reference items] | | [Supplementary materials] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
銀(Ag)のアンチモン(Sb)化物。アラージェンタムallargentum(化学式Ag0.84Sb0.16)‐安銀鉱群に属する。これらはいずれも六方自然銀とほぼ同構造で、その原子配列は自然銀では銀原子は立方最密充填(じゅうてん)構造、六方自然銀では六方最密充填構造をなす。この群の構成物、とくにアラージェンタムは六方自然銀と同構造なので、これを合金鉱物とみなし、金属元素鉱物に入れる見解もある。安銀鉱自体はAg0.75Sb0.25に相当するが、斜方(直方)晶系でアラージェンタムとの間に不連続部分が存在するため、元素鉱物扱いはされていない。自形は低い六方錐台(すいだい)。六方柱や六角板状となることもある。 深~浅熱水性金・銀鉱脈中に産する。日本では、北海道札幌(さっぽろ)市小別沢(こべつざわ)鉱山(閉山)および同市豊羽(とよは)鉱山(閉山)などから顕微鏡的に微細なものが発見されている。共存鉱物は自然銀、針銀鉱、輝銀銅鉱、方鉛鉱、方解石、石英、重晶石など。同定は新鮮な面では自然銀もどきの銀白色の外観とほとんど同色の条痕(じょうこん)。著しく大きい比重。可切性はあるが粉末にはならない。自然銀同様錆(さ)びて鉛灰色から帯黄暗灰色を経て暗灰色に変わるが、自然銀のようなもろさは生じない。英名は「破壊しがたい」を意味するギリシア語に由来し、和名はその化学成分による。 [加藤 昭 2015年12月14日] [参照項目] | | [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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