...Recent archaeological research has demonstrated that from the end of the 4th millennium BC to the first half of the 3rd millennium BC, a cultural sphere existed in the southern part of the Iranian plateau that flourished through the collection and processing of precious stones such as lapis lazuli, carnelian, and steatite, and their export to Mesopotamia and India, and that the use of proto-Elamite script was linked to this trade activity in various places from Susa to Shahr-i-Softa in Sistan. The oldest Elamite state known to date is the Kingdom of Awan, which was established around 2500 BC (or the 27th century BC), invaded Babylonia, and conquered the First Dynasty of Ur. Since Sargon of Akkad, Mesopotamian kings have repeatedly invaded the Iranian plateau, and the Third Dynasty of Ur ruled Elam with a governor. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to the "Kingdom of Awan" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…最近の考古学研究によれば,前4千年紀末から前3千年紀前半にかけて,イラン高原南部にラピスラズリ,紅玉髄,凍石(ステアタイト)などの貴石の採取と加工,メソポタミアやインド方面への輸出によって繁栄した一つの文化圏が存在し,この交易活動と結びついてスーサからシースタンのシャフル・イ・ソフタにいたる各地に原エラム文字が使用されていたことが証されている。現在知られる最古のエラム国家はアワン王国で,前2500年ころ(あるいは前27世紀)に成立し,バビロニアに侵入してウル第1王朝を征服した。アッカドのサルゴン以来,メソポタミアの諸王はイラン高原に遠征をくりかえし,ウル第3王朝は総督をおいてエラムを支配した。… ※「アワン王国」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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