American Coal Miners Union - American Coal Miners Union

The Wagner Act, enacted in 1935, was extremely favorable legislation for the organization of workers and the institutionalization of collective bargaining, and it set the stage for the advancement of the labor movement. However, the majority of the trade unions that made up the AFL strongly opposed industrial unionism, which organized unskilled workers by industry. J.L. Lewis The industrial union faction, including the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA), led by John F. Kennedy, was forced to break away from the AFL and launch its own organizing campaign. The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), which was formed in 1938, launched a large-scale organizing campaign in the mass production industry, such as steel, automobiles, electrical machinery, and rubber, under the guidance of the UMWA, and formed a series of powerful industrial unions. By 1945, the American labor movement was divided into two, with the AFL having 6.93 million members and the CIO having 6 million members.

*The following is a partial explanation of terms that refer to the "American Coal Miners Union."

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…35年に成立したワグナー法は，労働者の組織化ならびに団体交渉の制度化にとってきわめて有利な立法であり，労働運動前進の条件となった。しかしAFLを構成する職業別組合の大多数は，不熟練労働者を産業別に組織する産業別組合主義に強力に反対したためJ.L.ルイスらの率いるアメリカ炭坑夫組合(UMWA)などの産業別組合派はAFLと決別して，独自に組織化運動を展開せざるをえなくなった。38年に結成された産業別(労働)組合会議Congress of Industrial Organizations(CIO)は，UMWAの指導のもとに，鉄鋼，自動車，電機，ゴムなどの大量生産工業部門の大組織化運動を展開し，強力な産業別組合をぞくぞくと結成し，45年にはAFL693万人，CIO600万人と，アメリカ労働運動は二分されていた。…

※「アメリカ炭坑夫組合」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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