United States Marine Corps

...A naval force organized especially for land warfare. It was first organized by the British Navy and the Dutch Navy in the 17th century, and has since been organized by navies of various countries. The most famous example is the US Marine Corps, which was organized by the Continental Congress during the American War of Independence (1775) modeled after the British Marines, and was officially established in 1798 after independence. Since the United States did not have a strong standing army, the Marines were valued as the first unit to be dispatched overseas, and after the Spanish-American War (1898) they became a means of so-called gunboat diplomacy to Caribbean countries, and in World War II they were active in landing operations on Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima, Okinawa, and other islands as the vanguard of the American counterattack on the Pacific front.

*Some of the terminology that refers to the "United States Marine Corps" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…海軍兵力で特に陸戦のために編制される部隊。17世紀にイギリス海軍，オランダ海軍が組織したのを最初とし，各国海軍が組織しているが，アメリカ独立戦争中に大陸会議がイギリスの海兵隊にならって組織(1775)し，独立後の1798年正式に創設されたアメリカの海兵隊U.S.Marine Corpsが有名。強力な常備軍をもたなかったアメリカでは，海兵隊は海外派遣の第一部隊として重視され，米西戦争(1898)以降はカリブ海諸国などへのいわゆる砲艦外交の手段となり，第2次大戦では太平洋戦線におけるアメリカ軍反撃の先兵として，ガダルカナル島，硫黄島，沖縄などへの上陸作戦において活動した。…

※「アメリカ海兵隊」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報