Anatexis (English spelling)

Japanese: アナテクシス(英語表記)anatexis
Anatexis (English spelling)
There are different interpretations of this term. Sederholm described the process as the partial remelting of existing rocks [Sederholm: 1907, Tomkeieff: 1983, Ashworth: 1985], but there is also the view that the existing rocks then melt [Mehnert: 1968, Bowes ed.: 1989]. It is the process by which crustal material melts over a wide area to form magma, and it is thought that sedimentary rocks and other rocks partially melt in the lower crust due to rising temperatures and the presence of H2O , and the liquid that forms collects and becomes magma. The formation of magma is called anatexis whether the entire crust in that area is melted or only partially [Katayama et al.: 1970]. Anatexis refers to the supermetamorphism in which deep rocks are remelted by heat from below and gases such as H2O , forming magma in situ. Rocks melt partially or incompletely when their temperature increases at a constant pressure, or when pressure decreases at a constant temperature. Melting begins at grain boundaries, and the melt is either extracted from the partially molten rock system or remains in the system. A typical example of anatexis is when molten granite is generated from the crust, and it is also thought that basalt is generated by partial melting of mantle peridotite. Existing rocks melt selectively or partially, and melt veins develop at that location. From the Greek ana means completely or almost, and tekein means to melt or to melt.

Source: Asakura Publishing Dictionary of Petrology Information

Japanese:
この語の解釈には違った意味のあるものがある.ゼーダーホルムは既存の岩石が部分的に再熔融する過程をよんだが[Sederholm : 1907, Tomkeieff : 1983, Ashworth : 1985],その後既存の岩石が熔融することとする考えがある[Mehnert : 1968, Bowes ed. : 1989].広範囲にわたって地殻物質が熔融してマグマを作る作用で,堆積岩などが地殻下部で温度の上昇やH2Oの存在によって部分的に熔融し,形成された液が集合してマグマとなると考えられている.マグマの形成はその部分の地殻の全部が熔融しても部分的な熔融でもアナテクシスという[片山ほか : 1970].アナテクシスは深部の岩石が下からの熱やH2Oなどのガスで再熔融し,その場でマグマが形成されるような超変成作用をいう.岩石は一定圧力で温度が上昇するか,または一定温度で圧力が下がって一部または不完全に熔融する.熔融は粒界から始まり,一部融けた岩石系から熔融物が抽出されるか,そのまま系に留まるかする.代表的なアナテクシスは地殻から花崗岩の熔融体が発生する場合で,またマントル橄欖(かんらん)岩の部分熔融で玄武岩が発生することなどが考えられている.既存の岩石が選択的あるいは部分的に熔融して,その場所で熔融による脈が発達する.ギリシャ語のanaは全く,ほとんど,tekeinは融かす,熔融するの意味.

出典 朝倉書店岩石学辞典について 情報

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