...However, several plants are known from the Old Continent, such as the mandrake ( Mandrake officinarum , Solanaceae) in Europe, iboga ( Tabernanthe iboga , Apocynaceae) in tropical Africa, hashish ( Cannabis sativa , Mulberry family) in the Middle East, and the fly agaric (Amanita muscaria) in Siberia. In the New World, there are Mexican hallucinogens, sacred mushrooms (mushrooms belonging to the genera Palomella, Lycoris, and Acanthaceae), peyote, a type of cactus, plants of the Solanaceae genera Datura and Solandra used from North to South America, yajé ( Banisteriopsis caapi , B. inebrians , etc., Canthaceae family) used in Amazonia, Anadenanthera genus of the Fabaceae family, and Virola genus of the Myristicae family. 90% of hallucinogens are found in the region from Central America to Amazonia, and the cultures of these regions are sometimes called "hallucinogenic drug cultures." *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Anadenanthera" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ただし旧大陸においてもヨーロッパのマンドレークmandrake(Mandragora officinarum,ナス科)や熱帯アフリカのイボガiboga(Tabernanthe iboga,キョウチクトウ科),中近東のハシーシュ(Cannabis sativa,クワ科),シベリアのベニテングタケ(テングタケ)など,いくつかの植物が知られている。新大陸では,メキシコのオロリウクイ,聖なるキノコ(シビレタケ属,ヒカゲタケ属,モエギタケ属などに属するキノコ),サボテンの1種であるペヨーテ,北アメリカから南アメリカにかけて用いられるナス科のダツラDatura属やソランドラSolandra属の植物,アマゾニア地方で用いられているヤヘーyajé(Banisteriopsis caapi,B.inebriansなど,キントラノオ科)やマメ科のアナデナンテラAnadenanthera属,ニクズク科のビロラVirola属の植物がある。幻覚薬の90%は,中央アメリカからアマゾニア地方にいたる地域でみられ,それらの地域の文化に対して〈幻覚薬文化〉という呼称が用いられることがある。… ※「アナデナンテラ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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