Also called an azeotrope. When the chemical composition of the liquid and gas phases in equilibrium is the same, the liquid in this mixture is called an azeotrope. Normally, when a mixture is distilled, the lowest boiling point evaporates first, so the purity can be increased, but this is not possible with an azeotrope. In the ethanol-water system, the mixture becomes azeotropic when the water content is 4.0%, so the water content cannot be reduced below this level by distillation. Source: Asakura Publishing Nutrition and Biochemistry Dictionary Information |
共沸混合物ともいう.平衡状態にある液相と気相の化学的組成が同じである場合,この混合物としての液体.普通混合物を蒸留すると沸点の低いものから蒸発するため,純度を上げることができるが,アゼオトロープではこれができない.エタノール-水系では,水が4.0%のときアゼオトロープとなるため,蒸留によってはこれ以下の水含量にすることができない.
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