Key layer

Japanese: 鍵層 - かぎそう
Key layer

A geological layer that has characteristics that make it easily distinguishable from other layers due to the rock type and fossils it contains. By tracing this, the geological structure and stratigraphy of a certain area can be easily clarified. The more thin the layer is, the more widely distributed it is in a certain area, and the more likely it is that it was deposited at the same time or nearly the same time. The layers used as key layers vary by area, but generally they are tuff layers, sandstone layers, limestone layers, coal layers, etc. Tuff layers that correspond to a single volcanic eruption are particularly useful for comparing layers in different areas, as they show the same time plane. Key layers are purely relative, and sandstone layers are used in areas where mudstone layers dominate, and mudstone layers are used in areas where sandstone layers dominate.

[Akihiro Murata]

"New Earth Science Education Lectures 6: Strata and Fossils" edited by the Earth Sciences Research Group (1977, Tokai University Press) " ▽ "Geology of Japan" by Kimura Toshio et al. (1993, University of Tokyo Press)"Knowledge of Strata - Exploring the Quaternary Period" by Machida Hiroshi, Arai Fusao, and Moriwaki Hiroshi (2000, Tokyo Bijutsu)

[References] | Fossils | Litology | Tuff | Stratigraphy | Geology | Strata

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

岩質や含まれる化石により、他の地層から容易に区別できる特徴をもった地層。これを追跡することにより、ある地域の地質構造や層序を容易に明らかにできる。鍵層としては、地層が薄く、ある地域に広く分布し、同時またはほぼ同時に堆積(たいせき)したものほど有効である。鍵層として利用される地層は地域によって異なるが、一般に凝灰岩層、砂岩層、石灰岩層、石炭層などが多い。とくに1回の火山噴火に対応した凝灰岩層は同時間面を示すため、離れた地域の地層の対比に有効である。鍵層はあくまでも相対的なもので、泥岩層の卓越する地域では砂岩層が、また砂岩層の卓越する地域では泥岩層が用いられたりする。

[村田明広]

『地学団体研究会編『新地学教育講座6 地層と化石』(1977・東海大学出版会)』『木村敏雄ほか著『日本の地質』(1993・東京大学出版会)』『町田洋・新井房夫・森脇広著『地層の知識――第四紀をさぐる』(2000・東京美術)』

[参照項目] | 化石 | 岩質 | 凝灰岩 | 層序 | 地質 | 地層

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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