A concentration camp built by Nazi Germany in Oświęcim (German name: Auschwitz) in southern Poland during World War II. It refers to Auschwitz I, built in 1940, one of three concentration camps built near the city. This camp and Auschwitz II (Birkenau), built in 1942, are collectively known as Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration Camp, and in 1979 were registered as a World Heritage Site by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Many people, including Jews, were held as prisoners by Nazi Germany in the three camps, including Camp I, and were forced to do hard labor in poor conditions before being massacred by poisoning in gas chambers. It is said that over one million people lost their lives here until they were liberated by the Soviet army in 1945. Today, the site of the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp is open to the public as a national museum, and a ceremony to commemorate the victims is held every ten years since the camp's liberation. (2015-1-30) Source: Asahi Shimbun Publications About Chiekura Mini Information |
第2次世界大戦中、ナチス・ドイツによってポーランド南部オシフィエンチム市(独語名アウシュヴィッツ)に建設された強制収容所。同市近郊に建てられた三つの強制収容所のうち、1940年に建設されたアウシュビッツ第1強制収容所を指す。同収容所と42年建設のアウシュビッツ第2強制収容所(ビルケナウ)は「アウシュビッツ=ビルケナウ強制収容所」と総称され、79年に国際連合教育科学文化機関(ユネスコ)の世界文化遺産に登録された。第1強制収容所を含む三つの収容所には、ナチス・ドイツによってユダヤ人を始めとする多くの人々が捕虜として収容され、劣悪な環境で苛酷な労働を強いられた後、ガス室での毒殺処刑などにより虐殺された。45年に当時のソ連軍によって解放されるまで、ここで100万人を超える人々が命を失ったとされる。現在、アウシュビッツ=ビルケナウ強制収容所の跡地は国立博物館として公開されており、解放から10年ごとの節目に犠牲者を追悼する式典が開かれている。
(2015-1-30) 出典 朝日新聞出版知恵蔵miniについて 情報 |
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