For example, in the case of the motion of a point mass, the future motion can be determined by knowing its current position and speed, as well as the external forces that will be applied in the future. In the case of a vending machine, the future operation can be determined by knowing the amount of money already inserted up to now and the future coin insertions and button operations. The past circumstances under which the current position, speed, or amount inserted were reached do not affect future behavior. In this way, when it is sufficient to know the current values of several variables and the external actions that will be applied in the future in order to predict the future behavior of an object or phenomenon, in other words, when the current values of several variables represent the aggregated effects of all the past history that will affect future behavior, those variables are called state variables. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
たとえば,質点の運動で,現在の位置と速度と,今後加わる外力とがわかると,今後の運動は確定する。自動販売機で現在までの投入済金額と今後の硬貨投入や押しボタン操作がわかると,今後の動作は確定する。現在の位置と速度ないし投入済金額が過去のどういう経緯で到達されたものであるかは,今後のふるまいに影響を及ぼさない。このように,ある事物や現象の将来のふるまいを予測するために,いくつかの変数の現在値と将来外部から加えられる作用とを知れば足りるとき,いいかえるといくつかの変数の現在値が過去の履歴のうち,将来のふるまいに影響を及ぼす効果のすべてを集約して表現するものであるとき,それらの変数を状態変数state variableという。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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