Zipangu

Japanese: Zipangu
Zipangu

…However, the name of the country, Japan, seems to have been read aloud not only in China and Korea, but also in Japan at first, and the reading of Hinomoto, which corresponds to Japan, was only used as a preface to the ancient name of the country, Yamato, as in the Man'yoshu, Hinomoto no Yamato, and it was only after the Heian period that it became an independent Japanese-style name alongside Yamato. In Marco Polo's Travels of Marco Polo, who introduced Japan to Europe through China in the Middle Ages, the country was written as Zipangu, Jipangu, etc., but there are two theories about the names Japan, Japon, Japão, etc., which later spread to Europe: one is that they are based on the Chinese pronunciation of Japan, jih pen, and the other is that they are based on the Chinese pronunciation, yat pun. Europeans who came to Japan at the end of the Middle Ages recorded in Rodrigues's Great Grammar and Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary that the Japanese at that time read Japan as both Nifon and Nippon. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Zipangu" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…しかし日本という国号は,中国や朝鮮ではもちろん,はじめは日本の国内でも音読されていたようであり,ヒノモトという日本に対応する訓読も,《万葉集》では〈ヒノモトのヤマト〉というように,古くからの国号であるヤマトにかかる枕詞として用いらるにとどまり,これがヤマトと並ぶ日本語風の国号として独立するのは平安時代以後である。中世に中国を通じて日本をヨーロッパに紹介したマルコ・ポーロの《東方見聞録》では,日本国がZipangu,Jipanguなどを書かれているが,その後ヨーロッパに広まったJapan,Japon,Japãoなどの称については,日本に対する中国の華北音のjih penに基づくとする説と,華南音のyat punに基づくとする説とがある。中世末の日本に渡来したヨーロッパ人たちは,ロドリゲスの《日本大文典》や《日葡辞書》に,当時の日本人が日本をNifon,Nipponの両様に読んでいたことを記録している。…

※「Zipangu」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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