(1) A position that sees a phenomenon objectively, opposed to subjectivism. In epistemology, it refers to the idea that we can directly grasp an objective object, and in ethics, it refers to the idea that there are objective values and standards that go beyond personal policies and that these should be elucidated. It can also refer to a position that sees moral good only in the realization of things, not in intentions or attitudes. (2) As a special literary usage, it refers to a type of poetry that arose in the United States in the 1930s. It focuses on presenting things for their own objective value, not as symbols of the author's own emotions or intellectual concepts. It is derived from Imagism, and began in 1931 when poets G. Oppen and WC Williams called themselves "objectivists," but the movement itself was short-lived. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
(1) 主観主義に対立し,ある事象を客観的にみる立場。認識論上では,客観的対象をわれわれが直接にとらえうるとする考えをさし,倫理学上では,個人的方針をこえた客観的な価値とその規準があり,それを解明すべきであるとする思想をいう。また特に意図や心構えでなく,ことの実現のなかにのみ道徳的善をみる立場をさすこともある。 (2) 文学上の特殊な用法としては,1930年代のアメリカで起った詩の一つのタイプをさす。事物を提示するにあたって,それを作者自身の情緒や知的概念の象徴としてではなく,事物それ自体のもつ客観的価値のためにすることを主眼としている。イマジズムから派生したもので,31年詩人 G.オッペン,W. C.ウィリアムズがみずから「客観主義者」と称したことに始るが,運動自体は短命に終った。
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