Gaur - Gaur (English spelling)

Japanese: ガウル - がうる(英語表記)gaur
Gaur - Gaur (English spelling)

An animal of the order Artiodactyla, family Bovidae. Also known as the Indian goat or seladang. It is found in India, Nepal, Myanmar (Burma) and Indochina, living in the highlands with forests. It is the largest species of wild bovid, with a body length of 3 meters, a body height of 2 meters, a tail length of 85 centimeters and a weight of 1000 kilograms. Its body shape is similar to that of a cow, but it has a well-developed protuberance from the shoulder to the center of the back, making it extremely sturdy. Both sexes have horns that curve inward at the top and reach a length of 76 centimeters. Adult males are dark brown or black, while females and calves are reddish brown. The body hair is short and adult males are almost naked. The tips of all four limbs are white.

They live in small groups, usually consisting of 5-6 individuals, with a maximum of 20 or so. They rest in forests or bushes during the day, and are active in the morning and evening. They are herbivores, mainly consuming grass, but are known to also enjoy bamboo shoots. Although they are docile and cautious animals despite their large size, they can become extremely dangerous if cornered or injured. They mate in the dry season, and after a gestation period of nearly nine months, they give birth to a single calf in September or October. This period is the monsoon season, when there is plenty of fresh grass, making it ideal for nursing the young. Their cry is similar to that of a domestic cow.

A similar species is the gayal B. frontaris , found in Myanmar, but some scholars consider it to be a livestock species of this species.

[Shiro Nakagawa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

哺乳(ほにゅう)綱偶蹄(ぐうてい)目ウシ科の動物。別名インドヤギュウ、セラダンseladangとよばれる。インド、ネパール、ミャンマー(ビルマ)からインドシナにかけて分布し、森林のある高地に生息する。野生のウシ科動物のうち最大の種類として知られ、体長3メートル、体高2メートル、尾長85センチメートルで、体重は1000キログラムに達する。体形はウシに似るが、肩から背の中央部まで隆起が発達し、きわめて頑丈なつくりをしている。角(つの)は雌雄ともにあり、上内方に湾曲し、長さ76センチメートルに達する。体色は、雄の成獣では濃褐色あるいは黒色、雌や子は赤褐色で、体毛は短く、成獣の雄ではほとんど裸出する。四肢の先端部分は、いずれも白色である。

 群れをなして生活するが、普通5~6頭、多くても二十数頭の小群である。日中は森の中や茂みで休息し、朝や夕方に行動する。食性は草食で、草を主とするが、タケノコなども好食することが知られている。体が大きいわりにはおとなしく用心深い動物であるが、追い詰められたり傷を負ったりすると、きわめて危険な動物になる。交尾は乾期に行われ、ほぼ9か月の妊娠期間を経て、9~10月に1子を産む。この時期はモンスーンの季節にあたり、新鮮な草が十分にあって幼獣の哺育には適している。鳴き声は家畜のウシに近い。

 近似種として、ミャンマーに分布するガヤルB. frontarisがあるが、学者によっては本種の畜用種とみなしている。

[中川志郎]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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