thought

Japanese: thought
thought

…On the other hand, in modern times, when science was separated from philosophy and came to be considered as something that explores the laws of objective reality, it was considered to be something different from thought, but today it is once again considered a form of thought, a way of understanding the world and life. In Western Europe, the words thought (English), Gedanke (German), and pensée (French), which mean "thought," have traditionally been understood to be closely linked to thinking. In the past, they referred to all mental activity, including will, but since the 18th century, when the idealist way of thinking was established, which considered thinking more strictly as the activity of rational consciousness, such as subjective reflection and inference, and further based on universal ideals, there has been a strong tendency to understand thought as exclusively the activity of reason and its product. …

*Some terminology explanations that mention "thought" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…一方,科学は,近代になって,哲学から分離して客観的実在の法則を探求するものと考えられるようになると,思想とはちがったものと考えられたが,今日では再び世界と人生についての理解の仕方として,思想の一つの形態と考えられている。 ところで,西欧では,〈思想〉を意味するthought(英語),Gedanke(ドイツ語),pensée(フランス語)などの語は,伝統的に思考と密接に結びついて理解されてきた。古くは,意志をも含んだ精神活動の全体を指していたが,18世紀以降,より厳密に思考を主観的な反省や推論などの理性的意識の活動と考え,さらにそれを普遍的理念に基づくものとする観念論的考え方が確立されると,思想ももっぱら理性の活動とその所産として理解される傾向が強くなった。…

※「thought」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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