Expansion of forestation - Kakudaizourin

Japanese: 拡大造林 - かくだいぞうりん

...Afforestation is when a forest is established in a place where there was no forest before or where a long time has passed since the forest was cut down, and reforestation is when a new forest is established immediately after the forest is cut down. The latter is usually called regeneration, but regeneration is sometimes used synonymously with afforestation. In Japan, afforestation to replace uneconomical forests with useful tree species is called expansion afforestation or tree species replacement. Forest establishment methods are generally broadly divided into artificial afforestation (or artificial regeneration) and natural regeneration (or natural afforestation), but they can also be divided into regeneration by seeds, regeneration by seedlings, and regeneration by sprouts. ...

From [Natural Forests]

…It is said that 20 million hectares of forests are being lost each year in the tropics. In Japan, in order to increase domestic timber production, so-called expansion afforestation, in which natural forests and firewood and charcoal forests are replaced by artificial forests of conifers, has been promoted nationwide. This type of expansion afforestation reached its peak in the 1960s, with approximately 300,000 hectares of artificial forests being converted each year. …

*Some of the terminology used in reference to "expansion afforestation" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…もともと森林がなかった場所や，森林が切られてからかなりの年月がたった場所に林を仕立てる場合afforestationと，森林を伐採したあとにすぐ次の林を仕立てる場合reforestationとあり，後者は更新とよぶのが普通であるが，更新を造林と同義に用いる場合もある。なお，経済性の低い林を有用な樹種にかえるための造林を，日本では拡大造林または樹種更改と呼んでいる。　林の仕立て方は普通，人工造林(または人工更新)と天然更新(または天然造林)に大別されるが，種子による更新，苗木による更新，および萌芽による更新に分けることもできる。…