Mt. Kaimon - Mt. Kaimon

Japanese: 開聞岳 - かいもんだけ
Mt. Kaimon - Mt. Kaimon

A cone-shaped stratovolcano located in Kaimon, Ibusuki City, at the southernmost tip of the Satsuma Peninsula in Kagoshima Prefecture. It has an elevation of 924 meters and is commonly known as Satsuma Fuji. The surrounding area is a gently undulating volcanic ash plateau (Shirasu Plateau), and is home to Lake Ikeda, the largest lake in Kyushu, the large crater lake Unagiike, and Ibusuki Onsen, which is well known throughout the country.

The three major eruptions are known to have occurred between 520 and 477 BC, in 874 (Jogan 16), and in 885 (Ninna 1). The scoria-based volcanic gravel layer that covers the surrounding plateau is called kora (layer), and is said to be an ejecta from the early stage of stratovolcanic formation. The rocks that make up the mountain are mainly pyroxene andesite and basalt from the Quaternary period. The multiple eruptions, large and small, gradually subsided, and the smoke ceased in 1915 (Taisho 4). The kora layer from the time of the eruption has solidified and is still an obstacle to agriculture. Work is ongoing to remove it and irrigate the fields on the plateau. Subtropical plants are planted at the foot of the mountain, and together with Lake Ikeda and Ibusuki Onsen, it is part of Kirishima-Kinkowan National Park. It is a 10 minute bus ride from Kaimon Station on the JR Ibusuki Makurazaki Line to the base of Kaimon Mountain, then a 2 hour walk from the bus stop.

[Kimihiko Tsukada]

[References] | Lake Ikeda | Ibusuki Onsen | Unagi Pond | Kaimon | Kirishima-Kinkowan National Park | Satsuma Peninsula | Stratovolcano
Mt. Kaimon
View from Nagasaki-hana to the southeast. Kirishima-Kinkowan National Park. Ibusuki City, Kagoshima Prefecture. © Kagoshima Tourism Federation .

Mt. Kaimon


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

鹿児島県、薩摩(さつま)半島最南端の指宿市(いぶすきし)開聞にある円錐(えんすい)形の成層火山。標高924メートル。俗称薩摩富士。周辺は起伏の小さい火山灰の台地(シラス台地)で、近くに九州一の大きさを誇る池田湖や、大規模な火口湖の鰻池(うなぎいけ)、さらに全国にその名をよく知られた指宿温泉がある。

 噴火は紀元前520~前477年ごろと、874年(貞観16)、885年(仁和1)の3回が大きなものとして知られている。周辺台地の上を覆うスコリア質の火山砂礫(されき)層はコラ(層)とよばれ、初期の成層火山形成期の噴出物といわれる。山体を形成する岩石は第四紀の輝石(きせき)安山岩と玄武岩が主である。大小数次にわたる噴火もしだいに収まり、1915年(大正4)には噴煙も停止した。噴火当時のコラ層は固結し、現在でも農業上の障害となっている。その除去と台地上の畑地灌漑(かんがい)事業が続行されている。また、山麓(さんろく)には亜熱帯植物が植えられ、池田湖や指宿温泉とともに、霧島錦江湾(きりしまきんこうわん)国立公園の一端を担っている。JR指宿枕崎(まくらざき)線開聞駅から開聞山麓までバス10分、下車後徒歩2時間。

[塚田公彦]

[参照項目] | 池田湖 | 指宿温泉 | 鰻池 | 開聞 | 霧島錦江湾国立公園 | 薩摩半島 | 成層火山
開聞岳
南東の長崎鼻からの眺望。霧島錦江湾国立公園域。鹿児島県指宿市©公益社団法人鹿児島県観光連盟">

開聞岳


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