...The direct cause of the turnover was dissatisfaction with wage levels, but there was also growing dissatisfaction with working conditions, such as the lack of use of professional qualifications. The tripartite system (treugol'nik) of management, labor union, and party changed in the 1930s to a system in which the company president was solely responsible, and the hierarchy at the workplace was strengthened, but even at the end of the Soviet Union, for example, the average monthly wage of industrial workers was 221.9 rubles (1987), but there was a disparity between 234.0 rubles for technicians and employees and 219.2 rubles for workers. Incidentally, more than half of the workers were women, and even in a society with a strong sense of equality, the fact that these were a burden on women was clearly reflected in the declining birth rate. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "treugol'nik" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…流動の直接の原因は,賃金水準への不満も多かったが,専門資格が生かされていないなど労働条件への不満も高まってきていた。経営,労働組合,党の三者体制(トレウゴリニクtreugol’nik)は1930年代から企業長単独責任制へと移り,現場の位階制は強まっていたが,旧ソ連邦末期でも例えば平均月221.9ルーブル(1987)の工業労働者賃金は,技術者・職員234.0ルーブル,労働者219.2ルーブルと格差表示されていた。なお労働者の半数強は婦人であったが,平等性の強い社会とはいえ,婦人にはこれらが負担であったことは,出生率の低下などに如実に反映していた。… ※「treugol'nik」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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