Madinat Habu (English spelling)

Japanese: Madīnat-Hābū(英語表記)MadinatHabu
Madinat Habu (English spelling)

…In front of this inner sanctuary are a hypostyle hall, a courtyard, a pylon, and other structures, similar to those of ordinary temples. However, there are also unique examples, such as the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut at Deir al-Bahri, which has a stepped terrace arrangement, and the Temple of Ramses III at Madinat-Habū, which has palaces, administrative offices, storehouses, barracks, and other structures around the temple, and which has been surrounded by walls and moats to create a fortress-like structure. Generally, a pylon (gateway) with two sloping towers on either side of the entrance is built in front of the temple. …

From the Temple

The temple of Ramses III at Madinat-Habū was a huge sanctuary measuring 314m by 210m, with a large stone temple at its center and brick annexes built around it. Egyptian Art [Architecture]
[Greece and Rome]
Greek temples were originally built with mud-brick walls and wooden pillars, but from around the 6th century BCE they began to be built of stone, and a distinctive architectural style was established.

*Some of the terminology referenced in "Madinat-Hābū" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…この内陣部の前には多柱室,中庭,ピュロンなどがあって,一般の神殿と同様の構成になっている。しかし,ディール・アルバフリーのハトシェプスト女王の神殿のように階段テラス状の配置をもつユニークな例,マディーナト・ハーブーMadīnat‐Hābūのラメセス3世神殿のように神殿の周囲に宮殿,管理事務所,倉庫群,兵舎などを配置し,その全体を城壁と濠で囲んで要塞のようになったものもある。一般に神殿の正面には,入口の両脇に傾斜した壁面をもつ二つの塔をつけたピュロン(塔門)を建てる。…

【神殿】より

…王を祭る葬祭神殿は,王と太陽神ラーおよび多くの神々の複合神殿となっていて,聖所は複雑であるが,基本的には普通の神殿と変りがない。マディーナト・ハーブーMadīnat‐Hābūにあるラメセス3世神殿は石造の大神殿を中心に,煉瓦造の付属建物が建てこまれた,314m×210mの巨大な神域をなしていた様子が知られる。エジプト美術[建築]
[ギリシア・ローマ]
 ギリシアの神殿は,初めは日乾煉瓦の壁と木の柱で建てられていたが,前6世紀ころから石造となり,独自の建築様式が確立された。…

※「Madīnat-Hābū」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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