…The ingredients were shrouded in mystery for a long time, but it was actually picric acid itself. Picric acid was adopted as an official explosive by the French military in 1884 under the name mélinite, and in 1888 it began to be used in the UK under the name lyddite. Shimose noticed this in 1888, and as a result of his research, he devised a method of filling bullets with picric acid, and succeeded in increasing the explosive power of bullets ahead of other countries. … From [Ammunition]...It has the advantage of not producing black smoke, and came to be called smokeless powder. In 1885, the Frenchman Eugene Turpin invented mélinite (picric acid, yellow powder), which is far superior to black powder as an explosive for cannonballs and torpedoes. As for small arms ammunition, rifles were first used in warfare in the early 16th century, but even in the 18th century, round lead bullets were still used as ammunition. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "mélinite" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…その成分は長い間神秘のベールに包まれていたが,実はピクリン酸そのものであった。ピクリン酸は1884年フランス軍によってメリニットméliniteという名称で制式爆薬に採用され,88年イギリスでもリダイトlydditeという名で使用されはじめた。下瀬は88年にこれに着目し,研究の結果,ピクリン酸を弾丸に充てんする方法を考案し,弾丸の炸裂威力を列国に先んじて高めることに成功した。… 【弾薬】より…黒煙が出ない利点があり,無煙火薬と呼ばれることになった。また1885年フランスのテュルパンEugene Turpinがメリニットmélinite(ピクリン酸,黄色火薬)を発明したが,これは砲弾や水雷に充塡する炸薬として,黒色火薬に比較して格段に優れたものである。 小火器弾薬については,小銃が初めて戦争に実用されたのは16世紀初頭であったが,18世紀に入っても使用弾薬は鉛製の丸玉であった。… ※「mélinite」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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