Maritime Policy

Japanese: 海運政策 - かいうんせいさく

It refers to the policies that a nation implements in its shipping industry in order to achieve the optimal level of performance in the shipping industry, and its specific content is embodied in domestic legislation. Shipping policies are, so to speak, state intervention in the shipping market economy, and there are two ways of intervention: direct and indirect financial support, and regulation without such financial support. Subsidies refer to any financial support measures taken with the goal of developing, expanding or maintaining a nation's shipping industry, and consist of direct subsidies such as construction subsidies, operation subsidies, route subsidies, public or government-guaranteed loans (including interest subsidies), and government purchase of obsolete ships, as well as indirect subsidies such as tax breaks and exemptions or reductions of various fees and charges.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

海運業というひとつの産業の成果の最適水準を達成するために，国家が自国海運業に対して行う施策をいい，その具体的内容は，国内立法に体現される。海運政策は海運市場経済に対するいわば国家の干渉(介入)であるが，この干渉のしかたには財政的に支援をする直接間接の補助と，このような財政的支援をともなわない規制との二通りがある。補助は，自国海運の育成，拡大または維持を目標として行われるあらゆる財政的支援措置を指し，建造補助，運航補助，航路補助，公的または政府保証による融資(利子補給を含む)，老朽船の政府買取りなどの直接補助と，税制優遇措置，各種料金や手数料の免除または軽減などの間接補助とから成る。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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