nadim (English spelling)

...After the fifth caliph Harun al-Rashid (reigned 786-809), the sahaba were called khāṣṣ (favorites). At that time, the caliph's kitchen was divided into a special kitchen and a general kitchen, and only the caliph, his family, nadīm, and occasional guests were served by the former. The nadīm were drinking buddies selected by the khāṣṣ, but could include scholars, doctors, poets, writers, and scribes, and later even the jesters at drinking parties were called nadīm.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "nadim" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…サハーバは第5代のハールーン･アッラシード(在位786‐809)以後，ハーッスkhāṣṣ(寵臣)とよばれた。このころカリフの厨房は特別厨房と一般厨房とに分けられ，カリフ，その一族，ナディームnadīm，臨時の客人だけが前者から食膳を供された。ナディームはハーッスから選ばれた〈飲み友だち〉であったが，学者，医師，詩人，文人，書記などを含むことがあり，のちには酒宴の席の道化師をもナディームとよんだ。…

※「nadīm」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報