Yoshitoshi Tsukioka

Japanese: 月岡芳年 - つきおかよしとし

An ukiyo-e artist from the late Edo to the Meiji period. Born in Edo, his real name was Yoshioka Yonejiro. He was known by the pseudonyms Gyokuoro, Ikkaisai, Kaisai, Tsuikatei, Shiei, Taiso, and Taiso. In 1850 (Kaei 3), at the age of 12, he became a disciple of Utagawa Kuniyoshi, and three years later, he released his first work. In 1866 (Keio 2), he and his senior apprentice Ochiai Yoshiiku created the cruelty-drawing series "Eimei Nijuhachishuku" (28 poems of Eimei) and quickly became a popular artist. He worked in a variety of styles, but from the end of the Edo period to the beginning of the Meiji period, he concentrated on historical paintings, and after the Meiji Restoration, he found new horizons in the field of current affairs reporting, and was active in illustrating newspapers such as "Yubin Hochi Shinbun," "Eiri Jiyu Shinbun," and "Yamato Shinbun." Around this time, he also produced a series of 100 paintings of beautiful women, including "One Hundred Scenes of the Moon" and "Thirty-two Faces of Manners." He was blessed with many disciples, including Mizuno Toshikata. Around 1872 (Meiji 5), he suffered from mental disorders and passed away without ever recovering.

[Nagata Seiji]

"Seki Shinichi (ed.) Tsukioka Yoshitoshi Art Collection (1978, Kodansha)"

[Reference] | Mizuno Toshikata

Tsukioka Yoshitoshi's "The Leading Essay: Oniwakamaru of Saito"
National Diet Library

Tsukioka Yoshitoshi's "The Leading Essay: Oniwakamaru of Saito"

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka, "The Climb to Kyoto on the Tokaido Road, Otsu Miidera Temple"
1863 (Bunkyu 3), National Diet Library

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka, "The Climb to Kyoto on the Tokaido Road, Otsu Miidera Temple"

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka, “Shunkan Soto, Onikaijima, Yasuyori’s Envy of Pardon and Return to the Capital”
Diptych ( Owned by the National Diet Library )

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka “Shunkan Sozuo Onikaijima Goyasuyoriyuki Pardon…”

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka, "The Minister of State, Kiyomori the Priest, Jōkai, Tobidan Saburoemon Kagetsune, Seo Taro Kaneyasu"
1868 (Keio 4), National Diet Library

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka, "The Minister of State, Kiyomori Nyudo Jyokai, Flying Bullets Three..."

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka "One Hundred Views of the Moon, Takao"
1885 (Meiji 18), National Diet Library

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka "One Hundred Views of the Moon, Takao"

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka, "Thirty-two Aspects of Manners and Customs: The Manners and Customs of Court Ladies in the Kyowa Era"
1888 (Meiji 21) National Diet Library

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka's "Thirty-two Aspects of Sexual Customs: It Looks Good..."

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka, "Yoshitoshi's Unrivaled Warrior: Kumasaka Chohan and Minamoto Ushiwakamaru"
Ukiyo-e depiction of Kumasaka Chohan and Ushiwakamaru. 1883 (Meiji 16). National Diet Library .

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka's "Yoshitoshi's Unrivaled Warrior: Chohan Kumasaka, Gengyu..."

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka's "One Hundred Tales of Japan and China: The Honest Rule of Dan Niki"
1865 (Keio 1), National Diet Library

Yoshitoshi Tsukioka's "One Hundred Tales of Japan and China: The Honest Rule of Dan Niki"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

江戸末期から明治の浮世絵師。江戸に生まれ、本名は吉岡米次郎。別号には玉桜楼(ぎょくおうろう)、一魁斎(いっかいさい)、魁斎、咀華亭、子英、たいそ、大蘇(たいそ)などを用いた。1850年（嘉永3）12歳のとき歌川国芳(くによし)の門に入り、3年後に早くも処女作を発表。1866年（慶応2）に兄弟子の落合芳幾(よしいく)とともに描いた『英名二十八衆句』の残酷絵シリーズで一躍人気絵師となった。多様な画風をこなしたが、幕末から明治初年にかけては歴史画に傾注し、維新後は時事報道の分野に新生面をみいだし、『郵便報知新聞』『絵入自由新聞』『やまと新聞』などの新聞挿絵に活躍した。またこのころ100枚に及ぶ『月百姿(つきひゃくし)』をはじめ『風俗三十二相』などの美人画の大作も発表している。水野年方(としかた)など多くの門人にも恵まれた。1872年（明治5）ころに精神に障害をきたし、その後、快癒(かいゆ)することなく没した。

［永田生慈］

『瀬木慎一編『月岡芳年画集』（1978・講談社）』

[参照項目] | 水野年方

月岡芳年『一魁随筆　西塔ノ鬼若丸』
国立国会図書館所蔵">

月岡芳年『一魁随筆　西塔ノ鬼若丸』

月岡芳年『御上洛東海道　大津三井寺』
1863年（文久3）国立国会図書館所蔵">

月岡芳年『御上洛東海道　大津三井寺』

月岡芳年『俊寛僧都於鬼界嶋遇康頼之赦免羨慕帰都之図』
二枚続国立国会図書館所蔵">

月岡芳年『俊寛僧都於鬼界嶋遇康頼之赦免…

月岡芳年『大政大臣清盛入道浄海　飛弾三郎右エ門景経　瀬尾太郎兼安』
1868年（慶応4）国立国会図書館所蔵">

月岡芳年『大政大臣清盛入道浄海　飛弾三…

月岡芳年『月百姿　高雄』
1885年（明治18）国立国会図書館所蔵">