A general term for terns in the family Laridae, or one of these species. There are about 41 known species of terns in the world. Although there are exceptions, they are generally found in warm regions, and many live in tropical waters. Generally, they are smaller than gulls, with long, pointed beaks, long, thin wings, and long, thin, swallow-tailed tails. Their short legs are webbed, but they rarely swim. Most species feed primarily on fish, searching for them in the air and descending to the water's surface to catch them. Some species dive from the sky to catch them (the name "ajisashi" comes from this method of catching prey), while others dive just above the water's surface to pick up their prey. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
チドリ目カモメ科アジサシ類の鳥の総称,またはそのうちの1種を指す。アジサシ類は世界で41種ほどが知られている。例外はあるが,一般に暖かい区域に分布し,とくに熱帯海域にすむものが多い。概してカモメ類より小型で,くちばしは細長くとがり,翼は細長く,尾も細長く燕尾形をしている。短い脚にはみずかきがあるが,泳ぐことはほとんどない。大部分の種は魚類を主食としており,空中で魚をさがし水面におりてとらえる。その場合,上空から水中に飛び込んでとらえるもの(鰺刺の名はこの餌のとらえ方に由来している)と,水面すれすれまで下がって,餌をつまみとるものがいる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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