Nagata Teiryu

A kyoka poet of the mid-Edo period. His name was Ryoin, later Genin. His father, Teiin, was a Taiya confectioner in Hinayacho, Osaka, who served the imperial court. Both Teiin and his uncle, Sadatomi, were skilled in haiku, and his younger brother was a joruri composer, Kino Kaion, making for a refined family. He learned kyoka from Toyozobo Shinkai at an early age, and after his collection of Gosenkyokushu (Collection of Idiot Poems) was completed in his teens, he popularized kyoka among the common people of Osaka, with the ideal of a simple kyoka that blends elegance and vulgarity, such as "a kosode with a rope obi (sleeve of gold leaf)," in other words. In particular, upon hearing that the ink from Kobaien in the southern capital had been inspected by the Emperor, he composed a poem, "If it were the moon, it would rise above the clouds, what could this be?" This became a famous poem, and he took the name Yuensai and Yuensai, after which his fame grew even more, and his disciples spread all the way to western Japan and the Chukyo region. His family anthologies include "Iezutto" and "Zoku Iezutto", and after his death, "Teiryuo Kyoka Zenshu Ruidai" (1809) was published.

[Yoshiichiro Hamada]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸中期の狂歌作者。名は良因、のち言因。父貞因(ていいん)は禁裡(きんり)御用を勤めた大坂雛屋(ひなや)町の菓子商鯛屋(たいや)。貞因も叔父貞富(ていふ)も俳諧(はいかい)をよくし、弟は浄瑠璃(じょうるり)作者紀海音(きのかいおん)という風流一家。早く狂歌を豊蔵坊信海(ほうぞうぼうしんかい)に学んで『後撰夷曲集(ごせんいきょくしゅう)』に10代で入集(にっしゅう)した以後、「箔(はく)の小袖(こそで)に縄の帯」すなわち雅俗折衷の平明な狂歌を理想として、大坂の庶民に狂歌を普及させた。とくに南都古梅園(こばいえん)の墨が天覧に入ったと聞いて「月ならで雲の上まですみのぼるこれはいかなるゆえんなるらん」と詠んで評判になったのにちなみ、油煙斎(ゆえんさい)、由縁斎と唱えてから名声いよいよ高く、門人は西日本や中京にまで広がった。家集に『家づと』『続家づと』があり、死後に『貞柳翁狂歌全集類題』（1809）がある。

［浜田義一郎］

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