…In 1961, FHC Crick and S. Brenner reported through brilliant genetic experiments and theoretical considerations that codons consist of triplet bases, and that of the 64 (4 × 4 × 4) codons in total, 61 correspond to amino acids and 3 correspond to end-of-reading signals. In the same year, MW Nirenberg performed the first experiment to determine which codons correspond to which amino acids. He discovered that adding polyuridylic acid (a polymer of U) to an in vitro protein synthesis system produced polyphenylalanine, and deduced that UUU was the codon for phenylalanine (Phe). … From [Genes]...There are 4 3 nucleotide triplets, or 64 different kinds. The correspondence between each triplet and the 20 kinds of amino acids contained in polypeptides is called the genetic code, which was completely deciphered by the research of MW Nirenberg (1966) and others. Three of the 64 triplets do not correspond to any amino acid. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "Nirenberg, MW" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…1961年,クリックF.H.C.CrickとブレンナーS.Brennerは卓抜な遺伝的実験と理論的考察から,コドンは三つ組塩基より成立し,全部で64種(4×4×4)のコドンのうち,61種がアミノ酸に対応し,3種は読み終りの信号に対応すると報告した。同年,ニーレンバーグM.W.Nirenbergは,どのコドンがどのアミノ酸に対応するかを決定する実験を初めて行った。彼は試験管内タンパク合成系にポリウリジル酸(Uの重合体)を加えると,ポリフェニルアラニンが生成することを発見し,UUUはフェニルアラニン(Phe)のコドンであると推論した。… 【遺伝子】より…このヌクレオチドのトリプレットには43,すなわち64の種類がある。個々のトリプレットとポリペプチドに含まれる20種類のアミノ酸との対応関係を遺伝暗号とよぶが,これはニーレンバーグM.W.Nirenberg(1966)らの研究によって完全に解読された。64のトリプレットのうち三つはどのアミノ酸にも対応しない。… ※「Nirenberg,M.W.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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