Greek Church Father. A leading theologian of ancient Christianity. Born in Alexandria, he taught Christianity as a young man as the successor to Clement of Alexandria. He later moved to Caesarea in Palestine, where he opened a school and became the founder of one of the most important schools of ancient Christianity. He was imprisoned during the Great Persecution of Emperor Decius (250-251) and died some time later. Founded on the fundamentals of church faith and well versed in Greek philosophy, he negotiated with Platonism, Gnosticism, Marcion, and others, and endeavored to systematically grasp and defend the faith and thought of the Bible. In addition to his two great works, On the Principles, said to be the first systematic theology, and Against Celsus, a Christian apologetics, he also produced a huge number of Bible commentaries and interpretations. In particular, the metaphorical interpretation of the Bible that he systematized had a great influence on later generations. However, he sometimes presented bold speculative interpretations between Hebrew and Greek thought, which sparked many controversies and led to him being accused of heresy. On the other hand, his strict ascetic life, along with his ideas, greatly inspired later monastic thought. [Wataru Mizugaki January 20, 2015] [References] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ギリシア教父。古代キリスト教の代表的神学者。アレクサンドリアに生まれ、若くしてアレクサンドリアのクレメンスの後継者としてキリスト教を教えた。のちパレスチナのカエサレアに移って学塾を開き、古代キリスト教の一つの重要な学統の祖となった。デキウス帝の大迫害(250~251)のとき投獄され、しばらくのちに没した。 教会的信仰の基本に立脚するとともに、ギリシア哲学に通暁していた彼は、プラトン主義、グノーシス主義、マルキオンなどと折衝しながら、聖書の信仰と思想を体系的に把握し弁証することに努めた。最初の組織神学といわれる『原理論』、キリスト教弁証論『ケルソス駁論(ばくろん)』の両大著のほか、膨大な聖書注解・講解がある。とくに彼が組織化した聖書の比喩(ひゆ)的解釈法は、後代に大きな影響を及ぼした。しかし彼がヘブライ思想とギリシア思想とのはざまで、ときとして大胆な思弁的解釈を提出したことは、多くの論争を巻き起こし、異端の嫌疑を被る原因ともなった。他方、彼の厳格な禁欲的生活は、その思想とともに後の修道思想にも大きな刺激を与えた。 [水垣 渉 2015年1月20日] [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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