polemarchos

...The Medonians, or the Medonians, would lead Athens through the Dark Ages, but it seems that significant changes had already taken place in the way the monarchy was run. According to legend, the kingship was divided into three at this time, with the polemarchios as military commander and the archon as political power, while the king (basileus) was given authority over religious rites. These three positions, which formed the origin of the later archonship, were originally held by the Medonians, and their term of office was for life. It is not difficult to imagine that such institutional changes led to the reduction of royal power and the rise of the status of local nobles.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "polemarchos" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…メドンの血統をひく人々すなわちメドン家が以後，暗黒時代のアテナイを指導するが，その初期にすでに王政のあり方に重大な変化が生じていたらしい。同じく伝承によれば，このころ王権は三分されて，軍事指揮者としてのポレマルコスpolemarchos，政治の実権を握るアルコンの二つの職が設けられ，王(バシレウスbasileus)には祭祀にかかわる権限が残された。のちのアルコン職の起源をなすこの三つの役職は，当初メドン家によって占められ，任期も終身だったと伝えられるが，このような制度上の変化が，王権の縮小と在地の豪族たちの地位の向上につながったことは想像に難くない。…

※「polemarchos」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報