Oharame - Oharame

A type of female peddler. From the mid-Heian period, around the 11th century, there were many women who came to Kyoto from the suburbs to sell daily necessities such as food and sundries, that is, hisagime (hisame). One of them was a woman who came from Ohara (Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City) in the north of Kyoto, carrying charcoal, firewood, and brushwood on her head. It was from the 13th century that she came to be called Oharame (Oharame). In the early modern period, she was also called kuroki uri (black wood seller). Kuroki was made by cutting green wood into pieces about 1 shaku (about 30 cm) long and steaming it in a kama (a stove) to make it black, and used it as firewood. In ancient times, the goods they sold were charcoal, from the Middle Ages they were firewood and brushwood, and in modern times, as household fuel changed, they became wild plants, vegetables, flowers, etc., but they were a way to obtain currency in mountain villages. The clothes were basically village work clothes, but gradually decorative elements were added. In the Middle Ages, they had navy blue sleeves with a sash tied in front, but in the early modern period, white hand towels were hung from both shoulders, and later, they had a Shimada topknot, a hand towel embroidered with colored threads, iron ink was worn, navy cotton sleeves with a black collar, a three-width apron, a white loincloth, leggings, tabi socks, and straw sandals with two straps. The tradition continued until recent years, and although there have been some changes, such as the bottom of the two and a half widths of the apron being split into three to make a three-width apron, it still remains to a small extent today as a Kyoto feature.

[Motoo Endo]

"Segawa Kiyoko's 'Hanjo' (1943, Mikuni Shobo / 1971, Miraisha)" ▽ "Nakamura Taro's 'Clothing and Food in Kinki' (1974, Meigen Shobo)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

女行商人の一種。平安中期、11世紀ころから、京へ近郊から日常の食品や雑貨を行商にくる女性、つまり販婦(ひさぎめ)（販女(ひさめ)）が多くなってきた。その一つに京の北部の大原(おおはら)（京都市左京区）から炭、薪(たきぎ)、柴(しば)などを頭にのせて売りにくる者があった。これを大原女（小原女）とよぶようになったのは13世紀からのことである。近世では黒木(くろき)売りともいった。黒木は、生木(なまき)を1尺（約30センチメートル）ばかりの長さに切って竈(かま)で蒸して黒くしたもので、薪として使った。売り歩く品は、古代では炭、中世からは薪、柴となり、近代では家庭燃料の変化によって、山菜、野菜、花などとなったが、山村での貨幣取得の手段であった。その服装は、基本的には村の労働着であるが、しだいに装飾性が加えられてきた。中世では紺の筒袖(つつそで)に前結びの帯であったが、近世では両肩に白手拭(しろてぬぐい)を垂らしたり、のちには島田髷(まげ)、色糸で刺しゅうした手拭をかぶり、鉄漿(かね)をつけ、紺木綿の黒衿(くろえり)の筒袖に三幅(みの)の前垂れ、白の腰巻、脚絆(はばき)、足袋(たび)で二本鼻緒の草鞋(わらじ)を履いていた。その伝統は近年まで、前垂れは、二幅(ふたの)半の下を三つに割って三幅前垂れになるなど多少の変化はあるものの、京の風物詩として今日でもわずかながら残っている。

［遠藤元男］

『瀬川清子著『販女』（1943・三国書房／1971・未来社）』▽『中村太郎著『近畿の衣と食』（1974・明玄書房）』

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