qeśîṭāh (English spelling) qesitah

Japanese: qeśîṭāh(英語表記)qesitah
qeśîṭāh (English spelling) qesitah

…The shape is not an irregular metal lump, but is cast from metal. In the early days, the characteristics of primitive money were retained in the shape and design of iron sword-shaped coins (ancient Britain, Britannia), bronze coins shaped like a dart or a knife (ancient China), Spartan iron spear-shaped coins, Cretan tripod coins, lion or bull coins (ancient Greece, Asia Minor), and ancient Egyptian gold and silver bracelet-shaped coins. Many of them also retained the lineage of primitive money through the unit name, such as the Hebrew currency unit qeśîṭāh (Hebrew for sheep) and the Roman currency pecunia (Latin for sheep). Later, coins generally became round for technical reasons such as portability and wear resistance. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "qeśîṭāh" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…形は不定型の金属塊をなすのではなく,金属に鋳造加工がほどこされる。初期のころは,剣をかたどった鉄剣貨幣(古代イギリス,ブリタニア),鏟(さん)型・小刀型青銅貨(古代中国),スパルタの槍型鉄貨,クレタの三足容器の図像貨,獅子あるいは牛をかたどった鋳貨(古代ギリシア,小アジア),古代エジプトの腕輪型金銀貨などのように,原始貨幣の性格を形や意匠にとどめるもの,あるいは,旧約聖書にみえるヘブライの貨幣単位ケシタqeśîṭāh(羊を意味するヘブライ語),ローマの貨幣ペクニアpecunia(羊を主とする家畜を意味するラテン語)のように単位名称によって原始貨幣との系譜をとどめるものが多い。その後,鋳造貨幣は持運びの便宜,摩滅防止など技術的要因から一般的に円形をとることが多くなった。…

※「qeśîṭāh」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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