Onarihajime - Onarihajime

Japanese: 御成始 - おなりはじめ

The arrival and departure of the imperial family, the regent family, the shogun, etc. was called "onari," and the shogun's first departure of the year was called "onarihajime." It is also called "gogyohjime." In the Kamakura and Muromachi periods in particular, it was one of the shogunate's important New Year ceremonies. In the Kamakura period, the date and time were not fixed, and during the three generations of the Minamoto clan, it was visited at the homes of meritorious retainers from the early days of the shogunate, such as the Adachi, Hatta, Hiki, and Oe clans. However, during the regent family and prince-shogun eras, it was exclusively monopolized by the Hojo clan, and courtiers were also included in the reception, making it even more of a ceremonial character. This ceremony was also followed in the annual events of the Muromachi shogunate, and from around the Oei period (1394-1428), when samurai ceremonies expanded, until just before the Onin War, visits and banquets were customarily held at the Kanrei residence on the 2nd of January, the Hatakeyama residence on the 5th, the Shiba residence on the 12th, the Akamatsu residence on the 19th, the Yamana residence on the 22nd, the Hosokawa residence on the 23rd, and the Kyogoku residence on the 26th. Of these, the visit to the Kanrei residence was specifically referred to as the "Hajime" (first visit of the year).

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

皇族，摂家，将軍などの出行，来着を御成といい，将軍年初の出行を御成始と称した。御行始ともいう。ことに鎌倉･室町時代には，幕府の重要な正月儀礼の一つであった。鎌倉時代には日時は不定であり，源家三代のときは，安達，八田，比企，大江氏などの幕府草創期の功臣の宅へ赴いているが，摂家･親王将軍時代になると，もっぱら北条氏がこれを独占し，相伴には殿上人も加わり，儀礼的性格がいっそう強まった。この儀は室町幕府の年中行事にも踏襲され，武家儀礼の拡充をみた応永(1394‐1428)ごろより応仁の乱前まで，毎年正月2日に管領邸，5日に畠山，12日に斯波，19日は赤松，22日は山名，23日は細川，26日は京極邸へ恒例として御成が行われ，饗宴が催されたが，このうち管領邸へのそれを特に御成始と称した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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