Ayui, V. - Ayui

Japanese: アユイ，V. - あゆい

...Deaf education has the longest history, and the prototype of the modern deaf school was created by the French abbé Charles Michel, abbé de l'Epée. The first school for the blind is said to have been opened in Paris in 1784 by the French Enlightenment scholar Valentin Haüy, who became interested in education for the blind after seeing blind people employed by showmen in the market. The first person to systematically tackle the education of mentally retarded children was the French EO Seguin, who was influenced by the psychiatrists P. Pinel and JED Esquirol, and the "School for Idiots" he established in Paris was the world's first special needs school. ...

From the School for the Blind

…This type of organized education was first used in schools for blind children at the Paris School for the Blind, which was established in 1784 by Valentin Haüy (1745-1822) with the support of the Humane Society. In the first half of the 19th century, schools for the blind were established in Europe and the United States, but most of them were established and maintained as private charitable enterprises, and were relief facilities that provided poor blind people with religious education, training in how to read raised letters, and manual labor, in addition to providing them with living assistance. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Ayui, V." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…もっとも古い歴史をもつのは聾教育であり，フランスのエペーCharles Michel,abbé de l’Epéeが中心になって近代聾学校の原型をつくった。盲学校は，市場で興行師に使われていた盲人を見て盲教育に関心を抱いたフランスの啓蒙主義者アユイValentin Haüyによって，1784年パリに開設されたのが最初とされている。精神遅滞児教育にはじめて系統的にとりくんだのは，精神医学者P.ピネル，J.E.D.エスキロールの影響を受けたフランスのE.O.セガンであるが，彼によってパリに設立された〈白痴学校〉が世界最初の養護学校である。…

【盲学校】より

…盲児を対象とする学校で，この形態による組織的な教育はアユイValentin Haüy(1745‐1822)が博愛協会の援助を得て1784年に設立したパリ盲学校を最初とする。ついで19世紀前半には欧米各国に盲学校の設立をみたが，その多くは民間の慈善事業として設立･維持され，貧窮盲人に対し生活扶助とともに宗教教育や凸文字の読み方，手仕事の訓練等を行う救済施設であった。…

※「アユイ，V.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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